Deck 7: Designing Effective Programs

Question 1

During program design, the program planner is very specific about all of the following EXCEPT:

A) what types of clients.
B) with what kinds of needs.
C) where services should be located.
D) in what volume.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Program planning has become more deliberate. Fewer decisions are left to the direct service workers, because, while flexible for practitioners, fails to deal with all of the following below EXCEPT:

A) strategic management planning.
B) measurement of effectiveness.
C) take advantage of research knowledge and best practices.
D) critical questions about the relevance of services that the organization provides.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The primary differences between program designs are all of the following EXCEPT:

A) precision.
B) specificity.
C) detail.
D) types of services to be offered.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The Logic Model concept brings precision and understanding to program planning by breaking it down into some basic elements and provides a framework for examining and defining program elements in all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Inputs.
B) cost of services.
C) process and outputs.
D) outputs and impact.

Question 5

Differences in populations served should be included in the program design because those differences may be relevant to evaluation and reporting. Which of the following factors is usually NOT included in data gathering for identifying differences in populations:

A) Where services have been received previously
B) Marital status, number of persons in the household, number of children in the family
C) Sexual identify
D) Age, gender, ethnicity

Question 6

Which of the following are NOT included in the description of "inputs":

A) clients or consumers.
B) material resources.
C) staff.
D) description of the organization's services.

Question 7

Throughputs are the procedures that will be implemented in order to carry out the program. Which of the following is included in a description of throughputs?

A) Number of clients
B) Number of units of service provided
C) Treatment
D) Anticipated outcomes

Question 8

Which of the following would be included in a description of service tasks?

A) Hours of operation
B) Number of staff
C) Program impact
D) Screening and assessment

Question 9

Specifying tasks in a narrative flowchart increases precision in the definition of each service task. Which of the following processes would NOT be included in a narrative flowchart?

A) Intake and assessment
B) Client participates in all counseling sessions
C) Design of the intake application
D) Client and case manager reassess and revise the client's treatment plan, if necessary

Question 10

Defining the method of intervention requires that planners specify in advance the ways the service may be offered. Payne (1997) describes role human service workers might take to help people make transitions. Which one of the following is NOT included in Payne's list of roles?

A) Enabling
B) Bonding
C) Teaching
D) Facilitating

Question 11

A material unit of service can be measured in three different ways (Martin & Kettner, 2010). Which of the following is NOT included in the Martin& Kettner list?

A) As time units
B) As episodes or contact units
C) Cost of materials used by one individual client
D) A material unit

Question 12

For some services, it may be difficult to define a program completion date. Which of the following is NOT a way in which planners can define final output?

A) An Individual Care Plan
B) The date the caseworker terminates a client because the service isn't helping the client progress
C) Defining a final client output during the planning process
D) Milestones

Question 13

Intermediate outcomes can be documented by using any of four measures. Which of the following is NOT one of the ways intermediate outcomes can be documented?

A) Standardized measures
B) Progress reports in the patient file
C) Level-of-functioning scales
D) Client satisfaction instruments

Question 14

"Designing Effective Programs" focuses on four components of a program design. Which of the following is NOT one of the components covered in this section of the book?

A) Inputs and throughputs
B) Outputs
C) Outcomes
D) Evaluation

Question 15

Program hypothesis is a term used to sum up all EXCEPT which of the following answers:

A) program components.
B) assumptions.
C) expectations.
D) etiology.

Question 16

A program planner's function is to design a program that is all of the following EXCEPT:

A) comprehensive.
B) attends to detail.
C) builds on existing services.
D) can demonstrate internal consistency and integrity.

Question 17

A program design establishes relationships between and among all of the following EXCEPT:

A) impact on the community.
B) resources and raw materials.
C) the processing system.
D) a change in the quality of life of the client served.

Question 18

With a good design, a program should be all of the following EXCEPT:

A) logical.
B) measures client satisfaction.
C) can be implemented.
D) can be evaluated.

Question 19

There are many variables that are related to program inputs. Which of the following is NOT one of those variables?

A) Client-related variables
B) Staff-related variables
C) Physical resource variables
D) Program design variables

Question 20

Martin (1999) identified 14 generally recognized dimensions of quality. Which of the following is NOT one of the Martin "dimensions of quality"?

A) Accessibility
B) Communication
C) Reliability
D) Affordability

Question 21

The differences in program design depend on the intent of the program and whether or not measurement of the program is an issue.

Question 22

A one-size-fits-all approach to program design is viable for many types of services

Question 23

Cultural competence is almost never included as a core part of academic standards by the federal government.

Question 24

The logic model provides a framework for examining and defining program elements in each of its five phases: inputs, process, outputs, outcomes, and impact. Each of these elements will need to be defined in a quantitative way.

Question 25

Clients represent the "raw materials" in a human services system. All other four elements represent the resources that will be used to perform the activities needed.

Question 26

Process refers to the procedures that will be implemented in order to carry out the program.

Question 27

Tasks not only address accountability and permit ongoing evaluation of effectiveness,

Question 28

The method of treatment is based on an understanding of the problem and on the program hypothesis.

Question 29

Brody (2005) found that outputs is not about the volume of service produced

Question 30

In business and industry customers have tended to be the final decision-makers of what "quality" means, but in human services client perspectives are not the sole criteria for determination of quality.

Question 31

Human service organizations often are required to balance efficiency and ____________ for reimbursement.

Question 32

Quality is frequently addressed through the imposing of ___________.

Question 33

To describe outcomes in human services, the questions that must be asked are 1) have clients ________ as a result of the services 2) how is improvement defined and measured.

Question 34

Three examples of the focus for standardized measures are problem intensity, personality, and ___________.

Question 35

Measuring client satisfaction requires the development of questions with responses ranging from very satisfied to _________with other options in between.

Question 36

"There is now a wealth of research and scholarly literature that documents the need for "specialized interventions based on ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, sexual orientation/identification, and other variables" that may be used in program design. Write a short paragraph on why you believe there is a need for program design that includes specialized services. Then choose any three variables and write a paragraph on each describing how program design may need to be modified to address these cultural issues.

Question 37

List the components of a logic model, write a short description of each and give an example of each in design in human services.

Question 38

"It is imperative that there is a program hypothesis that makes explicit assumptions about program expectations, establishes a framework that can be used to bring internal consistency and can be used to examine inputs, throughputs, outputs and outcomes for their internal consistency." Explain what this means.