Deck 13: Ethical Issues in Probation, Parole, and Community Corrections

Question 1

Approximately one-third of parolees are under supervision for what type of offenses?

A) Violent crime
B) Property crime
C) Drug crime
D) Sex crime

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true regarding intensive probation supervision?

A) intensive supervision is more expensive than prison
B) intensive supervision diverts a large number of offenders away from prison
C) intensive supervision has significantly better outcomes compared to regular supervision
D) treatment-oriented intensive supervision has significantly better outcomes compared to supervision-oriented intensive supervision

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which type of fees are charged to all probationers to pay for the cost of supervision?

A) service fees
B) punitive fees
C) program fees
D) restitution

Answer 3

C

Question 4

From 1980 to 2009, the rate of arrest for _______ increased at more than twice the rate for women than men.

A) Violent crimes
B) Property crimes
C) Drug crimes
D) Sex crimes

Question 5

Which of the following have been traditional missions of probation and parole?

A) service and surveillance
B) treatment and security
C) assistance and control
D) all of the above

Question 6

With which of the following is the restorative justice model in probation and
Parole concerned?

A) peace and justice for the community
B) remorse and accountability of offenders
C) reparation and involvement of the victim
D) all of the above

Question 7

Which theory of criminal behavior emphasizes free will and accountability?

A) conflict perspective
B) neo-classical perspective
C) positivist perspective
D) none of the above

Question 8

Which theory of criminal behavior is more congruent with programs to assist offenders in prison and in the community?

A) neo-classical perspective
B) deterrence
C) positivist perspective
D) none of the above

Question 9

The main argument for privatization of probation involves which of the following?

A) better services for inmates
B) reduced operating costs
C) better pay for correctional officers
D) all of the above

Question 10

Which of the following represents what is meant by community responsibility for crime control and the need for order and safety in the community?

A) macro dimension
B) micro dimension
C) quasi dimension
D) all of the above

Question 11

A peacemaking perspective suggests that all of us have a responsibility to the offender.

Question 12

According to the text, privatization of probation appears to be growing.

Question 13

Overall, research suggests that the public tends to support harsh punishments, even for nonviolent, nonserious offenses.

Question 14

Sex offender supervision programs are generally ineffective in preventing recidivism.

Question 15

The ethical question "What duty does society have to help offenders?" is a deontological approach to the issue.

Question 16

Acceptable penal content is the idea that a sanction should be devised so that its intended penal deprivations are those that can be administered in a manner that is clearly consistent with the offender's dignity.

Question 17

Studies have shown that many offenders prefer prison instead of intensive supervision.

Question 18

According to the text, more than half of probationers either are discharged early or complete their term successfully.

Question 19

Positivist theories of crime emphasize biological, psychological, and sociological factors that help explain criminal behavior.

Question 20

Research on correctional treatment shows that programs are almost universally ineffective at reducing recidivism.

Question 21

Juveniles are more than twice as likely to be sentenced to probation than detention.