Question 1

What is the primary aim of a factor analysis?&#10;A) To judge the internal consistency of a measure&#10;B) To reduce the amount of variables in the dataset&#10;C) To test how predictor variables may explain variance in an outcome variable&#10;D) To test for nonlinear relationships between variables

Accepted Answer

Factor analysis is primarily used to reduce the number of variables in a dataset by identifying the underlying structure or factors that explain the correlations among variables.

Question 2

What does the KMO statistic tell us?&#10;A) Sampling adequacy&#10;B) Correlations between the items in the dataset&#10;C) Whether the data is normally distributed&#10;D) That there is no singularity in the data

Accepted Answer

The KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) statistic measures sampling adequacy, which indicates the proportion of variance among variables that might be common variance. High KMO values (close to 1) suggest that a factor analysis may be useful with your data.

Question 3

What should be an appropriate value for the determinant?&#10;A) Larger than 0.001&#10;B) Smaller than 0.0001&#10;C) Smaller than 0.00001&#10;D) Larger than 0.00001

Accepted Answer

The determinant should be larger than 0.00001 to ensure that the matrix is invertible.

Question 4

A latent variable is&#8230;&#10;A) a variable that is positively correlated with another.&#10;B) a variable that contributes a single composite variable.&#10;C) a single variable that consists of several related variables.&#10;D) a variable that is negatively correlated with another.

Accepted Answer

A latent variable is a single variable that consists of several related variables, often not directly observed but inferred from other variables.

Question 5

What statistic can be used to determine how many factors are present in our analysis?&#10;A) Bartlett's test of sphericity&#10;B) Eigenvalues&#10;C) Determinant&#10;D) KMO

Accepted Answer

Eigenvalues are used in factor analysis to determine the number of factors present in the data. They represent the amount of variance accounted for by each factor, and factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 are typically considered significant.

Question 6

A factor loading is the relationship&#8230;&#10;A) between a single variable and the entire questionnaire.&#10;B) between a single factor and the entire questionnaire.&#10;C) between two factors&#10;D) between a single variable and an individual factor.

Accepted Answer

A factor loading represents the correlation or relationship between a single variable and an individual factor in factor analysis, indicating how strongly the variable is associated with the factor.

Question 7

Which of the following items could have a factor loading of -.689 which is labelled 'empathy'?&#10;A) I am often unaffected when people around me are upset.&#10;B) I rarely get angry.&#10;C) I am often in tune with other people's emotions.&#10;D) When people are treated unfairly, I often get upset.

Accepted Answer

A factor loading of -.689 on 'empathy' suggests a negative relationship with the construct of empathy. Choice A, indicating a lack of affective response to others' distress, aligns with a lower level of empathy, hence the negative loading.

Question 8

If we have a Cronbach's alpha score of .801, then how should this be interpreted?&#10;A) Good reliability&#10;B) Excellent reliability&#10;C) Questionable reliability&#10;D) Acceptable reliability

Accepted Answer

Cronbach's alpha is a measure of internal consistency, which is a type of reliability. A score of .801 is considered to be good reliability, as it indicates that the items on the scale are measuring the same construct.

Question 9

If we wanted to know if the reliability would improve if an item was removed from the measure then&#8230;&#10;A) we should look at the corrected item-total correlation.&#10;B) we should look at the scale if item deleted score.&#10;C) we should run as many reliability analyses as possible and take the highest scoring outcome.&#10;D) we should run a factor analysis.

Accepted Answer

The "scale if item deleted" score indicates how the overall reliability of the measure (often assessed by Cronbach's alpha) would change if a particular item were removed. If removing an item increases the reliability score, it suggests that the item may not be consistent with the rest of the measure.

Question 10

When running a factor analysis, what type of rotation method should be selected?&#10;A) None&#10;B) Quartimax&#10;C) Varimax&#10;D) Direct Oblimin

Accepted Answer

Varimax is a commonly used orthogonal rotation method in factor analysis that simplifies the interpretation of factors by maximizing the variance of squared loadings.

Question 11

For the worksheet analysis, what is the determinant value, and has the assumption been met or not?&#10;A) p < .001 and the assumption has been met&#10;B) p < .001 and the assumption has not been met&#10;C) .573 and the assumption has not been met&#10;D) .573 and the assumption has been met

Accepted Answer

The answer of For the worksheet analysis, what is the...

Question 12

Looking at the communalities, which variable shares the most variance with the entire dataset?&#10;A) Backwards digit&#10;B) Rhyme detection&#10;C) Digit recall&#10;D) Consonant detection

Accepted Answer

The answer of Looking at the communalities, which variable shares...

Question 13

How many factors were extracted from the analysis?&#10;A) 6&#10;B) 4&#10;C) 2&#10;D) 3

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many factors were extracted from the...

Question 14

What was the total amount of variance explained by the two factors together, after rotation?&#10;A) 52.737%&#10;B) 27.234%&#10;C) 25.502%&#10;D) 1.530%

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the total amount of variance...

Question 15

Looking at the factor loadings, which item loads onto both factors?&#10;A) Rhyme detection&#10;B) Sentence repetition&#10;C) Consonant detection&#10;D) Digit recall

Accepted Answer

The answer of Looking at the factor loadings, which item...

Deck 19: Factor Analysis