Deck 2: Habits of Thought

Question 1

Cognitive biases are:

A) systematic distortions of otherwise correct thinking processes
B) biases that happen due to inauthentic behavior
C) a term to describe someone's racial prejudices
D) misperceptions that happen when one is emotional
E) none of the above

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Cognitive errors are:

A) errors based on one's lack of intelligence or authenticity
B) mistakes in thinking, or deviations from normal, "correct" thinking processes
C) racial prejudices in one's thinking
D) misperceptions that happen when one is emotional
E) none of the above

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Thinking about the ways that we think is called:

A) cognitive psychology
B) uber-cognition
C) supracognition
D) metacognition
E) none of the above

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Media bias is:

A) another term for cognitive bias
B) prejudice and stereotyping against the media, particularly by advocacy groups
C) intentional and purposeful slanting of the news to a specific viewpoint or ideology
D) the mental processing that influences our perceptions and our reasoning
E) none of the above

Question 5

Which of the following phrases is best described by this definition: Biases toward conflict, toward the new and shocking, toward a narrative structure and toward expediency?

A) cognitive biases
B) cognitive errors
C) biases in professional journalism
D) heuristic devices
E) none of the above

Question 6

What is reflective practice?

A) the practice of identifying and evaluating automatic perceptions and judgments that have grown up around repeated experience
B) something that professionals can do to improve their performance on the job
C) another term for experiential learning
D) a subset of metacognition
E) A and B

Question 7

Learning by doing is also called:

A) experiential learning
B) reflective practice
C) theory-based learning
D) educating in action
E) none of the above

Question 8

The four steps of experiential learning for journalists, in order, are:

A) do journalism, apply the strategy on the next story; reflect on performance, form an improvement strategy
B) do journalism; reflect on performance; form an improvement strategy; apply the strategy on the next story.
C) reflect on performance; form an improvement strategy; apply the strategy on the next story; do journalism
D) form an improvement strategy; do journalism; apply the strategy on the next story; reflect on performance.
E) none of the above

Question 9

A beat blog, talking with sources, hearing from critics and reviewing reader/viewer/listener comments are all examples of:

A) experiential learning
B) feedback
C) website development
D) comment analysis
E) all of the above

Question 10

An example of an improvement strategy is:

A) familiarizing oneself with local slang before a neighborhood interview
B) dressing more appropriately for a conservative setting
C) doing research to separate rhetoric from fact
D) learning the differences between subcultures within an immigrant group
E) all of the above