Deck 14: Quantitative Data Analysis

Question 1

Statistics used to describe the distribution and relationship among variables are:

A) Descriptive statistics.
B) Variability measures.
C) Measures of central tendency.
D) Inferential statistics.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

When using _______ coding, a second person recodes a sample of the forms and then the percentage of agreement on all the items on the forms is computed.

A) Spot
B) Check
C) Procedure
D) Systemic

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The skewness of a data distribution can be

A) Right or left.
B) Positive or inverse.
C) Nominal or ordinal.
D) Ordinal or interval.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

If a single frequency display presents a set of conceptually similar variables having the same response categories, it is called a:

A) Combined frequency display.
B) Frequency polygon.
C) Frequency distribution.
D) Compressed frequency display..

Question 5

A unimodal distribution has:

A) No probability average.
B) A normal distribution.
C) A single most frequent value in the distribution.
D) 68 percent of the cases within one standard deviation from the mean.

Question 6

To determine the approiateness of a particular statistic it is imporant to know which one of the following?

A) The frequency of its occurance in the population
B) The level of measurement
C) How the information was collected
D) The sample from whom the data were collected.

Question 7

If the order of a variable's categories is arbitracy, which of the following is used to summarize the central tendency of quantitative variables?

A) Mean
B) Mode
C) Median
D) Mean and Mode

Question 8

A scatterplot is used to display the relationship between ____ continuous variables.

A) Three
B) Six
C) Five
D) Two

Question 9

A Type ___ error is influenced by the effect of the intervention or the strength of the relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Question 10

If r = 0, then:

A) The correlation is perfect.
B) The correlation is negative.
C) The correlation is normal.
D) There is no linear correlation.

Question 11

Which summary statistic should be used to answer the question, "What hobby is most common for college students today"?

A) Range
B) Variance
C) Mean
D) Mode

Question 12

Scores on seven quizzes: 25, 23, 22, 17, 5, 42, 105. What is the median quiz score?

A) 22
B) 23
C) 5
D) 42
E) 17

Question 13

Quiz scores: 25, 23, 22, 17, 46, 42, 105. What is the mean score?

A) 35.2
B) 40
C) 23
D) 30.5
E) 40.2

Question 14

For questions refer to the following table: Drug use by educational level

-In this table, how many persons with at least a high school education use drugs?

A) 310
B) 400
C) 190
D) 500
E) 120

Question 15

For questions refer to the following table: Drug use by educational level

-In this table, what percentage of persons uses drug users?

A) 40%
B) 42%
C) 50%
D) 60%
E) 38%

Question 16

The median in a frequency distribution is determined by identifying the value corresponding to a cumulative percentage of 50.

Question 17

The mean, median, and mode can all be used to describe any variable.

Question 18

The mode is the most frequent value in a distribution.

Question 19

The mode is the only appropriate measure of central tendency for nominal variables.

Question 20

The interquartile range measures variability while avoiding problems created by outliers.

Question 21

Level of measurement is essential to determine the appropriate statistical test.

Question 22

In a normal distribution, about 68 percent of all cases will fall between plus or minus one standard deviations from the mean.

Question 23

Type I error occurs when there is no evidence of a statistical relationship between two variables based on the sample, but in fact, the two variables are related.

Question 24

An alpha level of .10 means that the researcher is willing to accept a 10% chance of concluding that there is a relationship between the variables in the sample when there is no relationship in the population.

Question 25

Match the concept with the definition.
-Mean

A) The highest value in a distribution minus the lowest value plus one
B) The most frequent value in a distribution
C) The point that divides the distribution in half
D) The average squared deviation of each case from the mean
E) The arithmetic average of the distribution

Question 26

Match the concept with the definition.
-Median

A) The highest value in a distribution minus the lowest value plus one
B) The most frequent value in a distribution
C) The point that divides the distribution in half
D) The average squared deviation of each case from the mean
E) The arithmetic average of the distribution

Question 27

Match the concept with the definition.
-Mode

A) The highest value in a distribution minus the lowest value plus one
B) The most frequent value in a distribution
C) The point that divides the distribution in half
D) The average squared deviation of each case from the mean
E) The arithmetic average of the distribution

Question 28

Match the concept with the definition.
-Range

A) The highest value in a distribution minus the lowest value plus one
B) The most frequent value in a distribution
C) The point that divides the distribution in half
D) The average squared deviation of each case from the mean
E) The arithmetic average of the distribution

Question 29

Match the concept with the definition.
-Standard deviation

A) The highest value in a distribution minus the lowest value plus one
B) The most frequent value in a distribution
C) The point that divides the distribution in half
D) The average squared deviation of each case from the mean
E) The arithmetic average of the distribution

Question 30

Match the concept with the definition.
-Bar chart

A) A distribution of adjacent bars
B) A bell-shaped distribution centered on the mean
C) A continuous line connecting points that represent the number or percentage of cases at each value
D) A distribution containing solid bars separated by spaces

Question 31

Match the concept with the definition.
-Histogram

A) A distribution of adjacent bars
B) A bell-shaped distribution centered on the mean
C) A continuous line connecting points that represent the number or percentage of cases at each value
D) A distribution containing solid bars separated by spaces

Question 32

Match the concept with the definition.
-Frequency polygon

A) A distribution of adjacent bars
B) A bell-shaped distribution centered on the mean
C) A continuous line connecting points that represent the number or percentage of cases at each value
D) A distribution containing solid bars separated by spaces

Question 33

Match the concept with the definition.
-Normal distribution

A) A distribution of adjacent bars
B) A bell-shaped distribution centered on the mean
C) A continuous line connecting points that represent the number or percentage of cases at each value
D) A distribution containing solid bars separated by spaces

Question 34

Match the concept with the definition.
-Body of the table

A) The total number cases in the distribution
B) Part of table between row and column labels and row and column totals
C) Frequency distributions for independent and dependent variables
D) Typically divided into categories of the independent variable
E) Combinations of row and column values that represent unique combinations of values.

Question 35

Match the concept with the definition.
-Cell

A) The total number cases in the distribution
B) Part of table between row and column labels and row and column totals
C) Frequency distributions for independent and dependent variables
D) Typically divided into categories of the independent variable
E) Combinations of row and column values that represent unique combinations of values.

Question 36

Match the concept with the definition.
-Marginals

A) The total number cases in the distribution
B) Part of table between row and column labels and row and column totals
C) Frequency distributions for independent and dependent variables
D) Typically divided into categories of the independent variable
E) Combinations of row and column values that represent unique combinations of values.

Question 37

Match the concept with the definition.
-Column

A) The total number cases in the distribution
B) Part of table between row and column labels and row and column totals
C) Frequency distributions for independent and dependent variables
D) Typically divided into categories of the independent variable
E) Combinations of row and column values that represent unique combinations of values.

Question 38

Match the concept with the definition.
-Base number (N)

A) The total number cases in the distribution
B) Part of table between row and column labels and row and column totals
C) Frequency distributions for independent and dependent variables
D) Typically divided into categories of the independent variable
E) Combinations of row and column values that represent unique combinations of values.

Question 39

Match the cross-tabulation concept with the definition.
-Existence

A) The amount by which the percentage distributions vary between categories of the independent variable
B) A bell-shaped distribution centered on the mean
C) When values on the dependent variable tend to increase or decrease with an increase in value on the independent variable
D) There is a pattern of percentage distributions that vary between categories of the dependent variable

Question 40

Match the cross-tabulation concept with the definition.
-Strength

A) The amount by which the percentage distributions vary between categories of the independent variable
B) A bell-shaped distribution centered on the mean
C) When values on the dependent variable tend to increase or decrease with an increase in value on the independent variable
D) There is a pattern of percentage distributions that vary between categories of the dependent variable

Question 41

Match the cross-tabulation concept with the definition.
-Direction

A) The amount by which the percentage distributions vary between categories of the independent variable
B) A bell-shaped distribution centered on the mean
C) When values on the dependent variable tend to increase or decrease with an increase in value on the independent variable
D) There is a pattern of percentage distributions that vary between categories of the dependent variable

Question 42

Match the cross-tabulation concept with the definition.
-Patterm

A) The amount by which the percentage distributions vary between categories of the independent variable
B) A bell-shaped distribution centered on the mean
C) When values on the dependent variable tend to increase or decrease with an increase in value on the independent variable
D) There is a pattern of percentage distributions that vary between categories of the dependent variable

Question 43

Why is it important to assign a unique identifying number to each respondent?

Question 44

Discuss the problems you may encounter as you review instruments/questionnaires from a survey you administered.

Question 45

What are the problems that occur when comparisons are made across ethnic groups?

Question 46

Compare and contrast a bar chart, histogram, and frequency polygon.

Question 47

Why is a variable's level of measurement important in determining the appropriate descriptive statistics, graphs, and bivariate statistics?
Provide examples to describe the nature of the problem.