Deck 8: Dealing with Acute Situations

Question 1

The safest posture for maintaining the airway of an unconscious patient who is vomiting is the _____ position.

A) supine
B) prone
C) Sims'
D) lateral recumbent

Answer 1

lateral recumbent

Question 2

A sensation of pain or discomfort in the chest that occurs when the coronary arteries are unable to supply the heart with sufficient oxygen may be precipitated by exertion or stress and is usually relieved by rest or by the sublingual administration of nitroglycerin.This condition is called:

A) angina pectoris.
B) reactive airway disease.
C) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
D) myocardial infarction.

Answer 2

angina pectoris.

Question 3

Lack of effective circulation to the central nervous system can cause irreparable brain damage in:

A) 35 seconds.
B) 3 to 5 minutes.
C) 35 minutes.
D) 3 hours.

Answer 3

3 to 5 minutes.

Question 4

When possible,trauma patients with massive life-threatening conditions will be treated at a Level _____ trauma center.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Question 5

Which of the following actions is NOT appropriate when caring for a patient who is experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure?

A) Observe accurately.
B) Place padding under the head.
C) Restrain movement as much as possible.
D) Maintain the airway.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a sign of shock?

A) Restlessness and a sense of apprehension
B) Increased pulse rate
C) Hypertension
D) Pallor accompanied by weakness or a change in thinking ability

Question 7

The Heimlich maneuver is a specific treatment for:

A) cardiac arrest.
B) syncope.
C) choking.
D) anaphylaxis.

Question 8

Shock resulting from an excessive loss of blood or plasma is called:

A) anaphylaxis.
B) hypovolemic shock.
C) septic shock.
D) syncope.

Question 9

The vital sign that most accurately indicates the condition of shock is:

A) blood pressure.
B) pulse rate.
C) temperature.
D) respiratory rate.

Question 10

Patients with massive trauma are transported on a backboard and are not removed from it until:

A) all diagnostic radiographs are completed.
B) spinal fracture has been ruled out.
C) casts are applied.
D) an airway has been established.

Question 11

When patients who suffer from a chronic lung disease,such as emphysema,experience respiratory distress,they should receive:

A) no oxygen.
B) a low flow rate of oxygen (less than 3 L/min).
C) oxygen at the rate of 3 to 5 L/min.
D) CPR.

Question 12

A dizzy sensation that feels as if the room is spinning and that often causes nausea may be reported by patients who suffer from:

A) allergy.
B) asthma.
C) inner ear disturbances.
D) angina pectoris.

Question 13

Research has proven that victims of massive trauma who survive the initial injury have a greater chance of recovery if their condition can be stabilized within the "golden" period,which refers to the first:

A) 15 minutes.
B) hour.
C) 4 hours.
D) 24 hours.

Question 14

If respirations are obstructed in an infant and are not cleared by blows to the child's back,you should:

A) administer CPR.
B) turn the child supine with the head lower than the trunk and deliver a two-finger abdominal thrust.
C) place the child in the lateral recumbent position.
D) elevate the head to help clear the airway.

Question 15

In small children or infants,a foreign body obstruction of the airway should be suspected if there is a sudden onset of:
1) severe coughing.
2) stridor.

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Either 1 or 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2

Question 16

A patient who suddenly demonstrates nervous irritability,cold clammy skin,weakness,hunger,and blurred vision requires the administration of:

A) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
B) the Heimlich maneuver.
C) insulin.
D) glucose.

Question 17

A numeric system developed to evaluate the changing status of coma patients that can be used by a variety of health care workers is called the:

A) Glasgow Coma Scale.
B) Centigrade Scale.
C) LOC detection scale.
D) Clark Standard Scale.

Question 18

A fracture that results in crushing of the bone into many small fragments is called a _____ fracture.

A) compound
B) depressed
C) greenstick
D) comminuted

Question 19

A recent development in community health care is the use of AEDs,which are:

A) automatic external dialysis machines.
B) automatic environmental detoxification machines for allergenic individuals.
C) automatic external defibrillators.
D) allergy elimination dehumidifiers.

Question 20

An emergency drug given to correct cardiac dysrhythmia is:

A) amiodarone.
B) digoxin.
C) acetaminophen.
D) succinylcholine chloride.

Question 21

An x-ray order designated STAT indicates that the patient's well-being may be jeopardized by:

A) x-ray exposure.
B) failure to supply supplemental oxygen.
C) lack of caution when moving the patient.
D) delay in implementing the order.

Question 22

A large area,such as a lobby,used in the event of a disaster for the process of identifying the victims,performing initial examinations,and assigning priorities for further care is called a:

A) trauma unit.
B) triage station.
C) situational dispatch area.
D) disaster emergency center.

Question 23

An acute attack of asthma or other reactive airway disease may be treated by the administration of oxygen and:

A) buccal application of glucose paste.
B) a bronchodilating medication.
C) the Heimlich maneuver.
D) sublingual nitroglycerin.

Question 24

An oxygen mask that has an attached reservoir bag that fills with 100% oxygen and a valve to prevent exhaled gas from being inhaled again is called a:

A) Venturi mask.
B) non-rebreathing mask.
C) partial rebreathing mask.
D) particulate respirator.

Question 25

Which of the following are accepted methods for the administration of oxygen?
1)Mask
2)Nasal cannula
3)Ventilator
4)Tent

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 1, 2, and 3 only
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Question 26

The most common cause of death for individuals under 40 years of age in the United States is:

A) heart attack.
B) stroke.
C) cancer.
D) trauma.

Question 27

The radiographic protocols for trauma units usually state that which of the following radiographs should be taken on all trauma patients?

A) Skull, chest, and lumbar spine images
B) Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine images
C) Skull, chest, and abdomen images
D) Chest, pelvis, and lateral cervical spine images

Question 28

When a patient is unable to cope with secretions or emesis because of a low level of consciousness,the emergency treatment most likely needed is:

A) oxygen administration.
B) medication administration.
C) suction.
D) tracheotomy.

Question 29

A minimal amount of brain damage,characterized by "seeing stars" or very brief loss of consciousness,is called:

A) epistaxis.
B) a coma.
C) a concussion.
D) vertigo.

Question 30

The process of placing an artificial airway through the mouth or nose and into the trachea is commonly called:

A) intubation.
B) tracheotomy.
C) ventilation.
D) defibrillation.

Question 31

A defibrillator stimulates the heart to contract effectively by delivering:

A) a premeasured dose of epinephrine (Adrenalin).
B) an electrical shock.
C) an abdominal thrust.
D) forced ventilation.

Question 32

A multidrawered cabinet on wheels that contains medications,supplies,and equipment needed in the event of a cardiac arrest is called a(n):

A) emergency cart.
B) defibrillator.
C) trauma chest.
D) team support vehicle.

Question 33

A noninvasive treatment that is appropriate for any patient who experiences acute anxiety accompanied by a rapid heart rate and shortness of breath is:

A) the Heimlich maneuver.
B) a low rate of oxygen administration.
C) suction administration.
D) defibrillation.

Question 34

The type of oxygen mask most appropriate for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,such as emphysema,is a:

A) simple face mask.
B) Venturi mask.
C) non-rebreathing mask.
D) particulate respirator.

Question 35

The three greatest risks to survival that determine priority in a trauma unit are paralysis,cardiac arrest,and:

A) respiratory arrest.
B) fracture.
C) concussion.
D) syncope.

Question 36

If a patient complains of sudden,intense chest pain,often described as a crushing pain,you should assume,until proven otherwise,that the patient is having a(n):

A) heart attack.
B) asthma attack.
C) attack of indigestion.
D) grand mal seizure.

Question 37

A common term for myocardial infarction is:

A) asthma.
B) stroke.
C) heart attack.
D) nosebleed.

Question 38

A serious,unexpected event that demands immediate attention is correctly termed a(n):

A) disaster.
B) emergency.
C) trauma.
D) code.