Question 1

Which sociologist first discussed the concept of 'impression management'?&#10;A) Talcott Parsons&#10;B) Erving Goffman&#10;C) Karl Marx&#10;D) &#201;mile Durkheim

Accepted Answer

Erving Goffman introduced the concept of 'impression management' in his work on symbolic interactionism, particularly in his 1959 book "The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life," where he explores how individuals present themselves to others in various social interactions.

Question 2

The concept of 'late modernity' is drawn upon by which sociological theorist?&#10;A) Talcott Parsons&#10;B) Robert Merton&#10;C) Anthony Giddens&#10;D) Manuel Castells

Accepted Answer

Anthony Giddens is known for his theory of structuration and his holistic view of modern societies, which he refers to as 'late modernity'.

Question 3

The 'network society' is a term coined by which theorist?&#10;A) George Ritzer&#10;B) Ulrich Beck&#10;C) Arlie Hochschild&#10;D) Manuel Castells

Accepted Answer

Manuel Castells is credited with coining the term 'network society,' which he extensively discusses in his trilogy "The Information Age." This concept describes the social structure that emerges from the digital revolution and the global network of communication technologies.

Question 4

Arlie Hochschild's work is an extension of which theoretical perspective?&#10;A) Functionalism&#10;B) Postmodern feminism&#10;C) Structuration&#10;D) Symbolic interactionism

Accepted Answer

Hochschild's work, particularly on emotional labor and the sociology of emotions, extends the symbolic interactionism perspective by exploring how individuals manage and express emotions based on societal norms and expectations. Symbolic interactionism focuses on the meanings and symbols that guide human interaction, and Hochschild's research delves into how these guide emotional expression in social contexts.

Question 5

The concepts of 'manifest and latent functions' are associated with which sociologist?&#10;A) Talcott Parsons&#10;B) Arlie Hochschild&#10;C) Elisabeth Beck-Gernsheim&#10;D) Robert Merton

Accepted Answer

Robert Merton introduced the concepts of 'manifest and latent functions' to distinguish between the overt, intended functions of social activities and institutions and their unintended, sometimes hidden, consequences.

Question 6

According to Pierre Bourdieu, cultural capital is an important means of:&#10;A) Promoting egalitarianism in society&#10;B) Maintaining class and social divisions in society&#10;C) Enhancing wealth creation in society&#10;D) Increasing funding to the creative arts sector

Accepted Answer

Cultural capital, according to Pierre Bourdieu, plays a significant role in maintaining class and social divisions in society by privileging those with access to certain cultural knowledge, skills, and competencies over others.

Question 7

According to Manuel Castells, the Industrial Revolution has been superseded by:&#10;A) An information society&#10;B) A capitalist society&#10;C) An egalitarian society&#10;D) A socialist society

Accepted Answer

Manuel Castells argues that the Industrial Revolution has been superseded by an information society, where the creation, distribution, and manipulation of information are the significant economic, political, and cultural activities.

Question 8

Standpoint theory has its origins in:&#10;A) Postmodern feminism&#10;B) Ethnocentrism&#10;C) Marxist theory and ethnomethodology&#10;D) Radical feminism and Marxism

Accepted Answer

Standpoint theory originated from Marxist theory and ethnomethodology, focusing on how social positions influence perspectives and knowledge.

Question 9

What are the four features of McDonaldization?&#10;A) Social differentiation, Self-rationalisation, Substantive rationality, Hyper-rationality&#10;B) Efficiency, Calculability, Predictability, Control&#10;C) Historical, Cultural, Structural, Critical&#10;D) Commodification, Commercialisation, Managerialism, Marketisation

Accepted Answer

The four features of McDonaldization, as identified by sociologist George Ritzer, are Efficiency, Calculability, Predictability, and Control. These concepts describe the process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more sectors of society and more regions of the world.

Question 10

Who is credited with coining the term McDonaldization?&#10;A) Ulrich Beck&#10;B) Anthony Giddens&#10;C) Manuel Castells&#10;D) George Ritzer

Accepted Answer

George Ritzer is credited with coining the term "McDonaldization" to describe the process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society as well as the rest of the world.

Question 11

What is Raewyn Connell's term for indigenised social theories that develop from countries at the periphery, rather than the metropolitan countries of Europe and North America?&#10;A) Southern theory&#10;B) Post-modern theory&#10;C) Liquid modernity&#10;D) Dissonance theory

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is Raewyn Connell's term for indigenised...

Deck 3: Contemporary Sociological Theorists and Theories