Question 1

What is the term for a political philosophy that supports traditional values, cultural homogeneity, social hierarchies, and the status quo?&#10;A) Conservatism&#10;B) Liberalism&#10;C) Capitalism&#10;D) Socialism

Accepted Answer

Conservatism is the political philosophy that emphasizes preserving traditional values, cultural homogeneity, social hierarchies, and maintaining the status quo.

Question 2

What is the term for a political philosophy that supports state ownership and distribution of economic resources?&#10;A) Liberalism&#10;B) Socialism&#10;C) Economic rationalism&#10;D) Conservatism

Accepted Answer

Socialism is the political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole, often interpreted as state ownership and management of key industries.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of political dealignment?&#10;A) A decline in class voting patterns&#10;B) A decline in class-specific parties&#10;C) Voter apathy due to the inability of political parties to deliver on core promises&#10;D) Both a and b

Accepted Answer

Political dealignment refers to a trend where individuals become less aligned or affiliated with political parties, often leading to a decline in traditional voting patterns based on class or other demographic factors. Both a decline in class voting patterns (A) and a decline in class-specific parties (B) are examples of this phenomenon, as they indicate a move away from traditional party affiliations and loyalties.

Question 4

What is the contested term for the change from an agrarian or 'traditional' society to a nation state based on the rule of law, secularisation, industrialisation, urbanisation, and a reliance on science and reason?

A) Neo-liberalism
B) Convergence
C) Globalisation
D) Modernisation

Accepted Answer

The term "Modernisation" refers to the transition from a traditional, agrarian society to a more complex, industrialised one, characterised by the rule of law, secularisation, urbanisation, and a reliance on science and reason.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of political globalisation?&#10;A) The progressive integration of the financial markets&#10;B) Cross-national networks and alliances such as NATO&#10;C) The increasing international mobility of capital, goods, and services&#10;D) Enhanced trade liberalisation through free-trade agreements between countries

Accepted Answer

Political globalisation refers to the increasing trend towards multilateralism (in the form of international treaties) and global governance structures, as well as the spread of democracy. Cross-national networks and alliances such as NATO are examples of political globalisation, as they involve countries working together on matters of security and defense, transcending national boundaries.

Question 6

What is the name of the neo-Marxist theory that explains how developing (periphery, Southern) societies are locked through trade links in exploitative relations with developed (core, Northern) societies?

A) Modernisation theory
B) Dependency theory
C) Southern theory
D) Trade liberalisation theory

Accepted Answer

Dependency theory argues that developing countries are kept in a state of underdevelopment by the exploitative mechanisms of the global economic system, particularly through their economic relationships with developed countries. This theory contrasts with modernization theory by emphasizing the structural limitations faced by developing countries within the global market.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of cultural globalisation?&#10;A) International media networks&#10;B) Cross-national networks or work organisations&#10;C) The increasing international mobility of people&#10;D) Enhanced trade of goods and services between countries

Accepted Answer

International media networks are an example of cultural globalisation as they spread cultural content and ideas across borders, influencing and integrating cultures globally.

Question 8

'Risk society' is closely associated with which sociologist?&#10;A) Ulrich Beck&#10;B) Anthony Giddens&#10;C) Ralf Dahrendorf&#10;D) Immanuel Wallerstein

Accepted Answer

Ulrich Beck is most closely associated with the concept of 'Risk Society,' which he developed to describe modern societies increasingly preoccupied with managing risks and uncertainties inherent in modernization.

Question 9

What is the term for a trend towards the primacy of individual choice, freedom, and self-responsibility?&#10;A) Modernism&#10;B) Conservatism&#10;C) Individualisation&#10;D) Democratisation

Accepted Answer

Individualisation refers to the process or trend where individuals increasingly see themselves as independent and make choices based on personal preference, freedom, and self-responsibility, rather than being strongly guided by traditional societal norms or collectives.

Question 10

Which sociological theory suggests that global economic processes benefit some nations over others?&#10;A) Neo-liberalism&#10;B) Neo-Maoist theory&#10;C) World-Systems theory&#10;D) Socialism

Accepted Answer

World-Systems theory posits that global economic processes are structured in a way that benefits wealthy nations at the expense of poorer ones, creating a hierarchy of countries: core, periphery, and semi-periphery. This theory emphasizes the global inequality in economic development and exchanges.

Deck 18: Globalisation, Power, and Social Movements