Question 1

Despite equal pay, Australian women in full-time employment still earn less on average than men. How much less on average do women earn each year compared to men?&#10;A) $38,000&#10;B) $30,000&#10;C) $26,000&#10;D) $20,000

Accepted Answer

Women in Australia, despite equal pay laws, earn on average $26,000 less per year than men in full-time employment. This discrepancy highlights ongoing gender pay gaps in the workforce.

Question 2

What percentage of employed women are in full-time work?&#10;A) Approximately 30 per cent&#10;B) Approximately 40 per cent&#10;C) Approximately 50 per cent&#10;D) Approximately 60 per cent

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

If unpaid work were replaced by a paid equivalent, it is estimated it would equal how much?&#10;A) $150 billion&#10;B) $250 billion&#10;C) $450 billion&#10;D) $650 billion

Accepted Answer

Estimates suggest that if unpaid work, such as caregiving and housework, were replaced by paid services, it would amount to about $650 billion. This figure highlights the significant economic value of unpaid labor, often overlooked in traditional economic analyses.

Question 4

With which theorist are 'time and motion' studies most closely associated?&#10;A) Max Weber&#10;B) Harry Braverman&#10;C) Elton Mayo&#10;D) Frederick Winslow Taylor

Accepted Answer

Frederick Winslow Taylor is most closely associated with 'time and motion' studies, as he is the father of scientific management and focused on improving industrial efficiency.

Question 5

What term can be used to refer to research results affected by methodological bias?&#10;A) Ethnocentrism&#10;B) The Human Relations bias&#10;C) The Hawthorne effect&#10;D) Preference theory

Accepted Answer

The Hawthorne effect refers to the alteration of behavior by the subjects of a study due to their awareness of being observed. This can introduce methodological bias as the participants may change their natural behavior, affecting the research results.

Question 6

What is the term for the view that new technology causes social change?&#10;A) Scientism&#10;B) Technological determinism&#10;C) Reflexive modernity&#10;D) Social determinism

Accepted Answer

Technological determinism is the theory that technology is the principal factor driving societal change and shaping human history.

Question 7

What concept is Daniel Bell most closely associated with?&#10;A) Performance management&#10;B) Post-industrial society&#10;C) Emotional labour&#10;D) Dual systems theory

Accepted Answer

Daniel Bell is most closely associated with the concept of the post-industrial society, which he described as a society characterized by the shift from manufacturing to services, information, and knowledge-based activities.

Question 8

As noted in the textbook, which of the following is NOT one of the dimensions of alienation that Karl Marx identified?&#10;A) Task alienation&#10;B) Activity alienation&#10;C) Species alienation&#10;D) Social alienation

Accepted Answer

Karl Marx identified four dimensions of alienation: alienation from the product, alienation from the process (activity), alienation from others (social), and alienation from one's species-being (species). Task alienation is not one of them.

Question 9

What is the term for an economic theory and practice, dominant between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries during the rise of the nation-state, that assumes national wealth can be amassed through the accumulation of precious metals (silver and gold)?

A) Mercantilism
B) Industrial Revolution
C) Modernisation
D) Primitive capitalism

Accepted Answer

Mercantilism is the economic theory that emphasizes the accumulation of gold and silver as the basis for a country's wealth and power. It was prevalent from the 16th to the 18th centuries and encouraged exports over imports to achieve this goal.

Question 10

As noted in the textbook chapter on work, what did the findings from the 2005 Australian Survey of Social Attitudes (AuSSA) show regarding Australians' view of job satisfaction?&#10;A) They exhibited one of the lowest rates of job satisfaction in the world&#10;B) They rated job satisfaction lowly (4 out of 10)&#10;C) They expressed high rates of alienation&#10;D) They rated job satisfaction highly (7 out of 10)

Accepted Answer

The 2005 Australian Survey of Social Attitudes (AuSSA) showed that Australians rated job satisfaction highly, with an average score of 7 out of 10, indicating a generally positive view towards their jobs.

Deck 20: Working 247: The New Work Ethic