Deck 9: Language and Intercultural Conflict

Question 1

Conflict is a hidden struggle over incompatible interests in the distribution of limited resources.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

In a conflict situation, it seems as if an individual's gain also means another's gain.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Scare resources are a significant source of conflict in the world today.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Intracultural conflict refers to disputes between individuals who possess different linguis-tic and cultural backgrounds.

Question 5

In an interpersonal conflict, individuals usually find it easy to come to an agreement on how to meet their goals.

Question 6

Subtle forms of organizational conflict (e.g., jealousies, rivalries) can be destructive.

Question 7

Cognitive conflict arises due to divergent ideas about the best way to complete a task.

Question 8

One's preferred way of behaving in a conflict situation is referred to as one's conflict style.

Question 9

Interracial conflict refers to a conflict situation whereby ethnicity is an issue.

Question 10

Interfaith conflict refers to disputes or conflict situations between individuals affiliated with different religions.

Question 11

Age and life experience are salient issues in intergenerational conflict situations.

Question 12

Intrapersonal conflict refers to the struggle that can occur between close personal friends.

Question 13

The expectancy violation theory suggests that people have developed culturally based expectations of how people should behave.

Question 14

Cultural norms refer to the interaction placement and sequence of verbal messages in a conflict situation.

Question 15

Cognitive uncertainty has to do with one's uncertainty about how one's communication partner will act in an intercultural conflict situation.

Question 16

Face is the public self-image that people want to claim for themselves in interactions.

Question 17

Positive face refers to a person's desire to gain the approval of others.

Question 18

Conflict interaction style refers to the process whereby individuals try to find a mutually satisfying outcome in conflict situations.

Question 19

In intercultural conflict situations, people who adopt the accommodation style may use intermediaries to facilitate negotiations.

Question 20

Conflict face negotiation theory addresses the ways face-losing and face-saving behaviors affect intercultural conflict situations.

Question 21

Briefly discuss the nature and characteristics of conflict.

Question 22

Define intercultural conflict and describe its characteristics.

Question 23

Describe the potential role of language in intercultural conflicts. Provide examples to illus-trate your points.

Question 24

Identify and discuss three types of intercultural conflict. Provide examples of each.

Question 25

Discuss why it is important to consider the impact of cultural, social, political, and histor-ical elements in intercultural conflicts.

Question 26

Explain the uncertainty reduction theory and explain its potential role in intercultural con-flict situations. Provide examples.

Question 27

With reference to the intercultural conflict style model, compare and contrast the engage-ment style with the dynamic style. Provide examples of both.

Question 28

Explain the role of face and face-saving in intercultural conflict situations.

Question 29

Define mediation and describe the difference between formal and informal mediation.

Question 30

Offer suggestions and strategies to deal effectively and appropriately with intercultural conflicts.

Question 31

In conflict situations, the well-being of one communicator is affected by the behavior of the other person and vice versa. This indicates that the individuals are _____________ in some ways.

A) independent
B) interdependent
C) incompatible
D) compatible

Question 32

Interpersonal conflict is associated with the following characteristics:

A) The conflicting parties are interdependent and believe that they seek incompatible goals.
B) There is pressure to resolve differences and the perceived incompatibility threatens to negatively affect their relationship.
C) a and b
D) Neither a nor b

Question 33

Hussein wants to major in German, but his siblings are pressuring him to become a busi-ness major. This is an example of_______________.

A) interpersonal conflict
B) intercultural conflict
C) ethnic conflict
D) gender conflict

Question 34

Divergent values and communication styles may lead to _____________ and __________ between groups.

A) friendships; positive relations
B) discord; warm ties
C) friction; conflict
D) disputes; agreements

Question 35

_________conflict refers to a type of conflict that centers on a(n) __________ issue.

A) Affective; emotional
B) Affective; task-related
C) Cognitive; face-saving
D) Cognitive; face-related

Question 36

Lack of familiarity with _____________ may lead to ___________ and ______________ which spiral into conflict situations.

A) cultural scripts; miscommunication; and misattributions
B) routines for requests and refusals; misunderstandings; inaccurate assumptions
C) both a and b
D) neither a nor b

Question 37

In Cyprus, a dispute between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots is an example of _______________.

A) interfaith conflict
B) interethnic conflict
C) international conflict
D) interracial conflict

Question 38

Extreme forms of ethnic conflict are _______________.

A) crimes against humanity, interracial disagreements
B) ethnic cleansing, discrimination
C) genocide, ethnic cleansing
D) interfaith disputes, ethnic cleansing

Question 39

Samira, the teenage daughter of Pakistani immigrants, was raised in Birmingham, England. She is nearing adulthood and is frequently engaged in conflict with her parents about her choice of friends, the clothes she wears, and their wish for her to commit to an arranged marriage with a distant cousin from Pakistan. This is an example of what type of conflict?

A) Racial
B) Intergenerational
C) Interfaith
D) International

Question 40

The _________________ suggests that individuals have _______________ expectations about how people should act in a conflict situation.

A) expectancy violation theory; no
B) uncertainty reduction theory; unrealistic
C) expectancy violation theory; culturally based
D) uncertainty reduction theory; similar

Question 41

The ______________ posits that individuals are_______ with ambiguity and make an effort to ____________ in communicative events such as conflict situations.

A) uncertainty reduction theory; uncomfortable; reduce uncertainty
B) face negotiation theory; at ease; save face
C) uncertainty reduction theory; comfortable; reduce uncertainty
D) face negotiation theory; uncomfortable; threaten the face of their communication partners

Question 42

____________ refers to the desire to have autonomy in a conflict situation, whereas ____________ refers to an individual's desire to gain the approval of others.

A) Positive facework; positive face
B) Negative facework; negative face
C) Negative face; positive face
D) Positive face; negative face

Question 43

In contexts that are more ________________, people tend to perceive conflict as _____________.

A) individualistic; negative
B) individualistic; potentially positive
C) collectivistic; potentially positive
D) collectivistic; an opportunity

Question 44

In conflict situations, Marco tends to sacrifice his own goals for the sake of his relationship with the other party. This is an example of what type of conflict behavior?

A) An accommodating style
B) A competing style
C) A collaborating style
D) A combative style

Question 45

Martin prefers to calmly talk about disagreements in a conversational, informal style. This is an example of what type of conflict resolution style?

A) The combative style
B) The accommodation style
C) The discussion style
D) The dynamic style

Question 46

In the ________ style of conflict resolution, ___________ refers to observable verbal and nonverbal actions that convey ____________.

A) accommodation; emotional restraint; one's emotions
B) dynamic; emotional expression; one's feelings
C) engagement; hyperbole; intense emotions
D) discussion; indirect discourse; intense emotions

Question 47

In the _________________ theory, __________ refers to concern for the image of one's communication partner in the conflict situation, whereas ________ refers to the protective concern of one's own image when under threat.

A) conflict face negotiation; other-face; self-face
B) conflict face negotiation; self-face; other-face
C) mutual facework; face-saving; face-threatening
D) sociopragmatics expectancy violations; face-saving; face-giving

Question 48

In intercultural conflict situations, ________________ refers to a lack of concern for the quality of the interpersonal relationship, while ______________ refers to a desire to strengthen the relationship.

A) a rapport maintenance orientation; a rapport-challenge orientation
B) a rapport-enhancement orientation; a rapport-neglect orientation
C) a rapport-challenge orientation; a rapport maintenance orientation
D) a rapport-neglect orientation; a rapport-enhancement orientation

Question 49

Conflict facework competence involves ______________.

A) awareness of the conflict parties' sociocultural and personal identities
B) understanding of the conflict speech event
C) effective facework negotiation skills
D) all of the above

Question 50

Adjusting one's conflict style to be similar to that of the conflict style of one's communi-cation partner is referred to as _________________.

A) functional fitness
B) dynamic conflict code-switching
C) code-mixing
D) mindfulness