Deck 9: Green Politics: Ecology As Ideology

Question 1

Driving spikes into trees to prevent logging companies from cutting them down is an example of

A) stewardship.
B) anthropocentrism.
C) orthopraxis.
D) light green politics.
E) ecotage.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The wilderness view of environmentalism holds that

A) it is part of human nature to cultivate the earth.
B) the preservation of forests and animal habitats is every bit as important as human welfare.
C) people should worship the earth as a goddess, which they call Xena.
D) government is the main source of environmental destruction, so its powers should be cut back.
E) everyone should go camping at least once a year.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an argument that Greens use to criticize other ideologies?

A) Other ideologies celebrate and encourage humankind's mastery over nature.
B) Other ideologies promote a bio-centric view of the environment.
C) Other ideologies promote an anthropocentric view of the environment.
D) Other ideologies value economic growth more than they value environmental protection.
E) Other ideologies fail to understand the interdependence of human, plant, and animal life.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

According to Malthus's Law,

A) the human population grows faster than the resources needed to sustain the population.
B) in every society or organization, a few people will lead while the masses follow like sheep.
C) miscegenation, or racial interbreeding, improves the gene pool and leads to cultural progress.
D) if something can go wrong, it will.
E) the greenhouse effect is causing global warming that will melt the polar icecaps.

Question 5

The claim that the world's human population tends to increase exponentially while resources increase arithmetically is known as

A) Malthus's Law.
B) Kepler's Law.
C) Dalton's Law.
D) Michels's Law.
E) Murphy's Law.

Question 6

Which of the following Green groups has advocated ecotage or monkey wrenching?

A) The Sierra Club
B) Greenpeace
C) The Nature Conservancy
D) Earth First!
E) all of the above

Question 7

The ecological or Green perspective holds that all

A) things are equal.
B) things are connected.
C) things are unconnected.
D) species have equal rights.
E) both A and D are correct.

Question 8

The idea that humans are rightly the masters of nature has been called

A) the cunning of reason.
B) the cunning of history.
C) the arrogance of humanism.
D) secular humanism.
E) biocentrism.

Question 9

According to Aldo Leopold's Sand County Almanac, the central precept of a land ethic is that

A) something is right when it preserves the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community.
B) what touches all should be decided by all.
C) soil and plants must be understood macroscopically as well as microscopically.
D) the culture-creating races must make peace with the culture-bearing races.
E) gardens should be plowed under so that agricultural land can once again be wilderness.

Question 10

Which of the following groups follow the beliefs of deep ecology?

A) The Sierra Club
B) The Nature Conservancy
C) Earth First!
D) The World Wildlife Federation
E) The American Petroleum Association

Question 11

Dave Foreman represents the dark green

A) wilderness vision.
B) deep ecology perspective.
C) garden vision.
D) stewardship perspective.
E) both A and B are correct.

Question 12

The scientific study of biological interdependencies is known as

A) biofeedback.
B) ecology.
C) biorhythm.
D) sociobiology.
E) sylvaculture.

Question 13

Deep ecologists subscribe to an ethic that they call

A) humanist.
B) anthropocentric.
C) bio-centric.
D) Eurocentric.
E) eccentric.

Question 14

The dark green environmentalists who favor deep ecology believe that

A) human beings are fundamentally irrational.
B) nature is the master and people should be the slaves.
C) a few people will always lead while the masses merely follow like sheep.
D) human beings deserve no more respect or concern than the rest of nature.
E) ecotage or monkey wrenching is never justified.

Question 15

The "green" ideology can be considered as a counter-ideology because the Greens

A) oppose ideologies and have no ideas of their own.
B) take most of their inspiration from the irrationalist thinkers of the Counter-Enlightenment.
C) have no conception of freedom or democracy of their own.
D) fail to perform all of the four functions of political ideologies.
E) believe that ideologies have contributed to current environmental problems.

Question 16

Public goods, such as clean air and national defense, are

A) indivisible and non-rival.
B) part of the iron law of oligarchy.
C) what Social Darwinists want to provide for everyone.
D) involved in Garrett Hardin's "tragedy of the commons."
E) both A and D are correct.

Question 17

Which of the following would be most likely to take the garden view of nature?

A) a social ecologist
B) a deep ecologist
C) a member of Earth First!
D) a free rider
E) an eco-terrorist

Question 18

Some Greens look upon the earth as a benevolent and kindly deity they call

A) Xena.
B) Gaia.
C) Madonna.
D) Diana.
E) Medea.

Question 19

The garden or light green view of environmentalism holds that

A) it is part of human nature to cultivate the earth.
B) the preservation of forests and animal habitats is every bit as important as human welfare.
C) people should worship the earth as a goddess, which they call Xena.
D) government is the main source of environmental destruction, so its powers should be cut back.
E) everyone should go camping at least once a year.

Question 20

Dave Foreman is a "dark green" thinker who stresses the importance of

A) indigenism.
B) anthropocentrism.
C) orthopraxis.
D) biocentrism.
E) biodegradation.

Question 21

According to Greens, environmentalism is a counter-ideology that can fit into

A) liberalism.
B) conservatism.
C) socialism.
D) fascism.
E) no other ideology.

Question 22

"Creation care" is the kind of environmentalism advocated and practiced by some

A) Buddhists.
B) Muslims.
C) evangelical Christians.
D) orthodox Jews.
E) none of the above.

Question 23

According to advocates of Creation care, God commanded humans to be

A) consumers of his creation and its myriad resources.
B) stewards of his creation.
C) self-interested.
D) all of the above.
E) none of the above.

Question 24

Greens use the idea of stewardship to emphasize human responsibility for the environment.

Question 25

Gaia is the name of the leader of the eco-feminist movement.

Question 26

Greens have organized political parties and won seats in some European parliaments.

Question 27

Deep ecology is an anthropocentric perspective that places humans above other forms of life.

Question 28

Ecotage means right action or correct action.

Question 29

The Nature Conservancy and the Sierra Club are two groups that engage in ecotage.

Question 30

Greens say that we should think of humanity as a part of nature.

Question 31

The "tragedy of the commons" shows how natural resources are easily destroyed by overuse.

Question 32

Greens tend to favor elite rule by ecological experts.

Question 33

Garden advocates such as Wendell Berry believe that human beings should dominate nature.

Question 34

Greens argue that liberal capitalist societies and communist societies are both guilty of an anthropocentric or humanist bias.

Question 35

Greens refer to the "time horizon" in order to compel people to make the most of their short life spans.

Question 36

"Social ecologists" view Earth First! as an antihuman organization that seeks to remove humans from the ecological equation.

Question 37

According to the green version of the triadic model of freedom, the agent is nature.

Question 38

President Trump's anti-environmental policies have led Greens to become apathetic and discouraged.

Question 39

Matching
Fill in the blanks with the letter corresponding to the names or terms listed below. Some names or terms may be used more than once and others not at all.
-Said that nature must be "interrogated," "subdued," and made to "yield up her secrets":

A)John Locke
B) Plato
C) Sir Francis Bacon
D) deep ecologists
E) Wendell Berry
F) Karl Marx
G) Greenpeace
H)social ecologists
I)Petra Kelly
J) Dave Foreman
K) John Stuart Mill
L) Aldo Leopold

Question 40

Matching
Fill in the blanks with the letter corresponding to the names or terms listed below. Some names or terms may be used more than once and others not at all.
-Takes the garden view that people depend on nature but that they must also change it:

A)John Locke
B) Plato
C) Sir Francis Bacon
D) deep ecologists
E) Wendell Berry
F) Karl Marx
G) Greenpeace
H)social ecologists
I)Petra Kelly
J) Dave Foreman
K) John Stuart Mill
L) Aldo Leopold

Question 41

Matching
Fill in the blanks with the letter corresponding to the names or terms listed below. Some names or terms may be used more than once and others not at all.
-Co-founder of Earth First! and dark green defender of the wilderness view of nature:

A)John Locke
B) Plato
C) Sir Francis Bacon
D) deep ecologists
E) Wendell Berry
F) Karl Marx
G) Greenpeace
H)social ecologists
I)Petra Kelly
J) Dave Foreman
K) John Stuart Mill
L) Aldo Leopold

Question 42

Matching
Fill in the blanks with the letter corresponding to the names or terms listed below. Some names or terms may be used more than once and others not at all.
-Said that we need a land ethic that includes all of the biotic community:

A)John Locke
B) Plato
C) Sir Francis Bacon
D) deep ecologists
E) Wendell Berry
F) Karl Marx
G) Greenpeace
H)social ecologists
I)Petra Kelly
J) Dave Foreman
K) John Stuart Mill
L) Aldo Leopold

Question 43

Matching
Fill in the blanks with the letter corresponding to the names or terms listed below. Some names or terms may be used more than once and others not at all.
-Socialist who praised the way in which capitalism had boosted industry and production:

A)John Locke
B) Plato
C) Sir Francis Bacon
D) deep ecologists
E) Wendell Berry
F) Karl Marx
G) Greenpeace
H)social ecologists
I)Petra Kelly
J) Dave Foreman
K) John Stuart Mill
L) Aldo Leopold

Question 44

Matching
Fill in the blanks with the letter corresponding to the names or terms listed below. Some names or terms may be used more than once and others not at all.
-Liberal who said that nature is without value until labor transforms "waste" into useful land:

A)John Locke
B) Plato
C) Sir Francis Bacon
D) deep ecologists
E) Wendell Berry
F) Karl Marx
G) Greenpeace
H)social ecologists
I)Petra Kelly
J) Dave Foreman
K) John Stuart Mill
L) Aldo Leopold

Question 45

Matching
Fill in the blanks with the letter corresponding to the names or terms listed below. Some names or terms may be used more than once and others not at all.
-Group whose ship, the Rainbow Warrior, was destroyed by French agents in New Zealand:

A)John Locke
B) Plato
C) Sir Francis Bacon
D) deep ecologists
E) Wendell Berry
F) Karl Marx
G) Greenpeace
H)social ecologists
I)Petra Kelly
J) Dave Foreman
K) John Stuart Mill
L) Aldo Leopold

Question 46

Matching
Fill in the blanks with the letter corresponding to the names or terms listed below. Some names or terms may be used more than once and others not at all.
-Greens who hold that human life has a special status or importance are known as:

A)John Locke
B) Plato
C) Sir Francis Bacon
D) deep ecologists
E) Wendell Berry
F) Karl Marx
G) Greenpeace
H)social ecologists
I)Petra Kelly
J) Dave Foreman
K) John Stuart Mill
L) Aldo Leopold

Question 47

Identify and explain the significance of the following names or terms.
-time horizons

Question 48

Identify and explain the significance of the following names or terms.
-the tragedy of the commons

Question 49

Identify and explain the significance of the following names or terms.
-the greenhouse effect

Question 50

Identify and explain the significance of the following names or terms.
-acid rain

Question 51

Identify and explain the significance of the following names or terms.
-ecotage

Question 52

Identify and explain the significance of the following names or terms.
-social ecology

Question 53

Identify and explain the significance of the following names or terms.
-deep ecology

Question 54

Identify and explain the significance of the following names or terms.
-the free-rider problem

Question 55

Identify and explain the significance of the following names or terms.
-the land ethic

Question 56

Identify and explain the significance of the following names or terms.
-the arrogance of humanism
the Anthropocene

Question 57

What are the major differences between the Light Greens and the Dark Greens within the environmental movement? Which of these two has the better position and why?

Question 58

How can Greens claim to be promoting freedom and democracy when they want to limit what people can do to the natural environment? Does it make sense to say that Greens are promoting either freedom or democracy? Why or why not?

Question 59

Greens often see themselves as part of a counter-ideology that must try to correct the mistaken beliefs and assumptions of other ideologies. Are they right to think of themselves in this way? That is, are the Greens right to blame current environmental problems on liberalism, socialism, and other ideologies? Why or why not?

Question 60

What is the new field of Ecopsychology and what are its key tenets?

Question 61

Some are surprised by the alliance between hunters and fishermen, on the one hand, and environmentalists, on the other-and also between African-Americans and (mostly white) environmentalists. Should they be surprised? Why or why not? What issue(s), if anything, makes them unlikely allies?

Question 62

How would "green democracy" differ from democracy as we now know it?

Question 63

What is "creation care," who espouses it, and for what reason(s)?

Question 64

How might a "green" democracy differ from democracy as we now know it?