Deck 5: Element Cycles

Question 1

Carbon dioxide dissolve in water to form

A)a basic solution
B)calcium carbonate CaCO₃
C)carbonic acid H₂CO₃ d.none of these

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Continuous processes operating with little change for long periods of time are called

A)Sustainable
B)Non-sustainable
C)Reactive
D)Biological

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Element cycles also exist for metals such as mercury, lead, tin, and iron.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Hydrogen is one of the most common elements in organic material.

Question 5

Limestone is a very compressed form of

A)Carbon dioxide
B)Calcium hydroxide
C)Calcium carbonate
D)Calcium oxide

Question 6

Modern farmers usually use nitrogen fertilizers which are synthesized using the

A)Haber Process
B)Hall Process
C)Ostwald Process
D)Bessemer Process

Question 7

Nitrogen fixation is the process that converts

A)atmospheric nitrogen gas to useful compounds of nitrogen
B)useful compounds of nitrogen to atmospheric nitrogen gas
C)nitrogen molecules to nitrogen atoms
D)nitrogen gas in the atmosphere to hydrazine, a fuel for rockets

Question 8

Photosynthesis is the process by which

A) carbohydrates and oxygen are converted to water and carbon dioxide
B)water and carbon dioxide are converted to hydrogen peroxide and carbonic acid
C)water and carbon dioxide are converted to carbohydrates and oxygen
D)metal ores are broken down to provide metals for applications in industry.

Question 9

Respiration is the

A)breakdown of water and carbon dioxide to their respective elements
B)breakdown of carbohydrates with oxygen to form water and carbon dioxide
C)conversion of carbon dioxide to oxygen and coke, a pure form of carbon
D)conversion of ozone to O₂

Question 10

Select the true statement.

A)Nitrogen gas and oxygen gas are both highly reactive.
B)Nitrogen gas and oxygen gas are both highly unreactive.
C)Nitrogen gas is highly reactive while oxygen gas is highly unreactive.
D)Nitrogen gas is highly unreactive while oxygen gas is highly reactive.

Question 11

The average time that an atom of a given element, or a molecule of a given substance, remains in a compartment before it is removed in some way is referred to as the

A)residence time
B)half-life
C)LD-50
D)decay time

Question 12

The compartments of our planet are

A)hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere
B)geosphere and hydrosphere
C)geosphere and lithosphere
D)geosphere and atmosphere

Question 13

The geosphere of our planet is composed of the

A)lithosphere
B)lithosphere and hydrosphere
C)lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere
D)lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere

Question 14

The only significant way oxygen (O₂) enters the atmosphere is through

A)oxidation
B)neutralization
C)photosynthesis
D)respiration

Question 15

The phosphorus cycle differs from the others in that

A)phosphorus is more readily available in the atmosphere
B)phosphorus is not readily available in the atmosphere nor in the oceans
C)phosphorus is available in huge amounts in the ocean
D)phosphorus is a metal

Question 16

Which cycle requires photosynthesis?

A)carbon cycle
B)nitrogen cycle
C)sulfur cycle
D)phosphorus cycle

Question 17

Which of the following produces useful nitrogen compounds to fertilize crops?

A)nitrogen fixation through lightning discharges
B)nitrogen fixation with nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Rhizobium
C)fertilizers produced by the Haber Process from elemental nitrogen and hydrogen
D)all of these

Question 18

Which of the following cycles does not have an atmospheric component?

A)carbon
B)oxygen
C)nitrogen
D)phosphorus

Question 19

Why is nitrogen an element one would normally find in the atmosphere of a planet?

A)It is a diatomic molecule.
B)It is highly unreactive.
C)It is highly reactive.
D)None of these

Question 20

Why is oxygen NOT an element one would normally find in the atmosphere of a planet?

A)It is a diatomic molecule.
B)It is highly unreactive.
C)It is highly reactive.
D)None of these