Deck 17: Additional Aspects of Individualization

Question 1

Facial approximation involves determining facial features of persons from their skulls.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Which of the following methods can be used to determine the thickness of facial tissue on the skull?

A) Thin blade or needle
B) Ultrasound
C) CT scan
D) All of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of following problems plagues all methods used to determine the thickness of facial tissue on the skull?

A) Location of sites on face
B) Inward deformation at measurement site
C) Tissue thickness changes after death
D) All of the above

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which measurement of facial tissue thicknesses should be used for obese persons?

A) None of the above
B) Average measurement
C) Average measurement minus 1 or 2 standard deviations
D) Average measurement plus 1 or 2 standard deviations

Question 5

If a face was being reconstructed on a white female who was anorexic at the time of her death, what would be the facial thickness over nasion?

A) 3.0 mm
B) 4.5 mm
C) 6.0 mm
D) 7.5 mm

Question 6

The average thickness of the skin and other tissue at gonion for black males is:

A) 5.5 mm
B) 6.0 mm
C) 9.3 mm
D) 10.0 mm

Question 7

Which step in facial approximation immediately follows the placement of spacers on the skull or a cast of the skull?

A) Estimation of mouth width
B) Calculation of placement of pronasale
C) Application of clay on skull
D) None of the above

Question 8

Which step in facial approximation involves estimating the placement of the tip of the nose?

A) Estimation of mouth width
B) Calculation of placement of pronasale
C) Application of clay on skull
D) None of the above

Question 9

Which of the following facial features would not be used in a facial approximation involving White persons?

A) Epicanthic fold
B) Everted lips
C) Fat pads under eyes
D) All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following methods can be used to create a facial approximation from a skull or a cast of the skull?

A) Application of clay to the skull
B) Drawing a face based on the skull
C) Computer generate face based on tissue thicknesses
D) All of the above

Question 11

Which of the following aspects of individualization does not appear to be possible from current information?

A) Facial approximation
B) Assessment of handedness
C) Estimation of living weight
D) All of the above

Question 12

Body weight can be calculated from bone weight.

Question 13

Estimates of body weight can be improved when articles of clothing are found in association with human skeletal remains.

Question 14

Facial approximation reproduction can be used to positively identify a person.

Question 15

Facial tissue thicknesses are best measured with a thin needle or blade.

Question 16

Facial approximation using clay involves gluing posts of various lengths at various points on the skull or a cast of a skull.

Question 17

There are several aspects of the face that can be determined from the skull such as the distance between the eye balls, and the width of the mouth.

Question 18

The tissue thickness at some sites on the face are thicker than others.

Question 19

The width of the "living" nose is unrelated to the width of the nasal opening.

Question 20

The tip of the nose can be calculated fairly precisely from measurements of the skull.

Question 21

Epicanthic folds, everted lips and fat pads are all aspects of the face that depend on ancestral group.

Question 22

Various aspects of the living persons can be surmised from their skeletons including handedness and body weight.