Deck 10: Calculation of Stature

Question 1

Stature is composed of five skeletal structures: skull, vertebral column, pelvis, lower limbs and ankles.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Which of the following problems in stature reconstruction involves the difference between long limb bones and stature that occur through time?

A) Method of measuring body for stature
B) Secular changes
C) Self reporting of stature
D) Inter-observer error

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following skeletal elements are measured when reconstructing living stature from the full skeleton?

A) Skull
B) Vertebrae
C) Leg bones
D) All of the above

Answer 3

D

Question 4

If a body is found that is believed to be that of an Asian female, which formulas should be used to reconstruct living stature?

A) White females
B) Black females
C) Asian males
D) Hispanic males

Question 5

Which of the following skeletal elements cannot be used in long limb bone regression formulas to reconstruct living stature?

A) Bicondylar length of femur
B) Total length of Tibia
C) Total length of Ulna
D) Total length of humerus

Question 6

A 25cm long radius is found with a skull that is identified as a Black female. Without making any adjustments, what was her approximate stature in life?

A) 161.5
B) 165.1
C) 167.3
D) 169.7

Question 7

A full set of limb bones is found with a skull that indicates they are from a White female. Which of the following formulae would yield the best estimate of stature?

A) St = 86.62 + 2.523×(Humerus) ± 5.32
B) St = 83.29 + 3.530×(Radius) ± 4.81
C) St = 82.82 + 3.346×(Ulna) ± 4.51
D) St = 76.51 + 2.487×(Fibula) ± 4.16

Question 8

Which of the following skeletal elements can be measured to reconstruct living stature?

A) Metacarpals
B) Metatarsals
C) Vertebral column
D) All of the above

Question 9

Which of the following fleshed elements can be measured to reconstruct living stature?

A) Upper leg length
B) Foot length
C) All of the above
D) Upper arm length

Question 10

Which of the following formulae would yield the best estimate of stature from a "fleshed" upper arm length (UPARMLTH)?

A) St = 61.27 + 2.88×(UPARMLTH) ± 6.04
B) St = 83.25 + 2.38×(UPARMLTH) ± 5.56
C) St = 88.80 + 2.05×(UPARMLTH) ± 5.20
D) St = 65.68 + 2.81×(UPARMLTH) ± 5.84

Question 11

Which of these bones can be used to reconstruct stature, even if in a fragmentary condition?

A) Femur
B) Tibia
C) Humerus
D) All of the above

Question 12

Which of the following bones can be used to reconstruct stature, even if only the head remains?

A) Femur
B) Tibia
C) Humerus
D) All of the above

Question 13

Which of the following should be used to adjust stature calculated from long limb bones?

A) Age of individual
B) Bone shrinkage
C) Reported versus measured stature
D) All of the above

Question 14

Which of the following can be used to reconstruct living stature?

A) The full skeleton
B) Long limb bones
C) Partial limb bones
D) All of the above

Question 15

Males often over report their statures (e.g., on driver's licenses) while females under report their height.

Question 16

The living stature of a person can be estimated by measuring various skeletal structures and entering them into various formulas.

Question 17

Full skeleton methods for calculating stature are very useful in forensic anthropology.

Question 18

Full skeleton methods involve summing the measurements of skull, vertebral column, pelvis, lower limbs and ankles.

Question 19

Regression formulas for estimating stature are not very useful in forensic anthropology.

Question 20

Regression formulas for estimating stature are not divided by sex and ancestral group.

Question 21

Regression formulas for estimating stature use the total lengths of the long limb bones.

Question 22

Regression formulas for estimating stature are highly accurate and not prone to error.

Question 23

There are regression formulas for calculating stature from bones and osteological structures other than long limb bones.

Question 24

Fleshed body segments are of little use in calculating stature.

Question 25

When long limb bones are fragmented, there are no methods for calculating stature.

Question 26

There are several adjustments to stature that should be made after it has been calculated by regression formulas or other methods.

Question 27

The age of an individual does not need to be taken into account when reporting stature calculated by regression formulas or other methods.

Question 28

If it is determined that a Black female was 75 years old when she died, by how much would you decrease her stature calculated from long limb bones?

A) 0.3 cm
B) 0.7 cm
C) 1.3 cm
D) 3.4 cm