Deck 1: Introduction

Question 1

If a forensic anthropologist feels he/she can estimate the age of a person by dividing the number of teeth present by the total number of teeth, which of the following data analysis methods would be most helpful to him/her?
.

Answer 1

No Answer.

Question 2

Which of the following is not one of Clyde Snow's questions?

A) Are the remains of medicolegal significance?
B) Are the remains human?
C) When did death occur?
D) None of the above

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following cases allows expert testimony to be used in court if that testimony is based on techniques with known or potential error rates?

A) Frye v. United States
B) Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
C) General Electric v. Joiner
D) KumhoTire Company, Ltd., v. Carmichael

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following cases prevents expert testimony to be used in court if that testimony shows too great a gap between the data and the opinion offered?

A) Frye v. United States
B) Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
C) General Electric v. Joiner
D) KumhoTire Company, Ltd., v. Carmichael

Question 5

Which of the following cases allows expert testimony to be used in court if that testimony is based on principles that can be, and have been, tested?

A) Frye v. United States
B) Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
C) General Electric v. Joiner
D) KumhoTire Company, Ltd., v. Carmichael

Question 6

Which of the following cases allows expert testimony to be used in court if that testimony is based on principles that are generally accepted by other experts in the field?

A) Frye v. United States
B) FRE Rule 702
C) General Electric v. Joiner
D) KumhoTire Company, Ltd., v. Carmichael

Question 7

What is the role of forensic anthropology in the medicolegal community?

A) Determine as much information on human skeletal remains as possible
B) Determine cause of death
C) Perform autopsies on fleshed bodies
D) Identification of a decedent from dental remains

Question 8

Which of the following is a development within the Modern Period of forensic anthropology?

A) Basic studies of human skeletal identification
B) Small bone fragments could be identified as human
C) Creation of the Physical Anthropology section in the American Academy of Forensic Sciences
D) All of the above

Question 9

Which of the following is a development within the Consolidation Period of forensic anthropology?

A) Basic studies of human skeletal identification
B) The use of war dead to determine stature and age from the skeleton
C) Assembly of human skeletal collections
D) All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following is a development within the Formative Period of forensic anthropology?

A) Basic studies of human skeletal identification
B) Small bone fragments could be identified as human
C) Assembly of human skeletal collections
D) All of the above

Question 11

The analysis of Francisco Pizzaro is an example of what role of forensic anthropologists?

A) Study of historic figures of no medicolegal significance
B) Determination of information on skeletons of persons who died within last 50 years
C) Provide information on victims of genocide
D) Consult on mass disasters

Question 12

Which of the following questions from Clyde Snow's protocol did William Maples answer when analyzing the remains of Francisco Pizarro?

A) How old was the decedent?
B) What was the decedent's sex?
C) What was the cause of death?
D) All of the above

Question 13

The age of a human is usually measured on which of the following scales?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 14

The weight of a human is usually measured on which of the following scales?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 15

If a forensic anthropologist feels he/she can estimate the age of a person by dividing the number of teeth present by the total number of teeth, which of the following data analysis methods would be most helpful to him/her?

A) Range charts
B) Indexes
C) Regression formulas
D) Discriminant functions

Question 16

If a forensic anthropologist feels he/she can estimate the length of a humerus (upper arm bone) from the length of the femur (thigh bone), which of the following data analysis methods would be most helpful to him/her?

A) Range charts
B) Indexes
C) Regression formulas
D) Discriminant functions

Question 17

If a forensic anthropologist feels he/she can guess at the occupation of a person from multiple measurements of the skeleton, which of the following data analysis methods would be most helpful to him/her?

A) Decision matrices
B) Range charts
C) Indexes
D) Discriminant functions

Question 18

If a forensic anthropologist measures the width and length of a skull and divides these two measurements, which of the following data analysis methods is he/she using?

A) Decision matrices
B) Range charts
C) Indexes
D) Discriminant functions

Question 19

If a forensic anthropologist feels he/she can guess at the occupation of a person from multiple characteristics seen in the skeleton, which of the following data analysis methods would be most helpful to him/her?

A) Decision matrices
B) Range charts
C) Indexes
D) Discriminant functions

Question 20

If a forensic anthropologist wants to estimate the age of a person from multiple characteristics of the skeleton with known ranges, which of the following data analysis methods would be most helpful to him/her?

A) Decision matrices
B) Range charts
C) Indexes
D) Discriminant functions

Question 21

When a forensic anthropologist determines that a femur (thigh bone) is 450 mm long, what data gathering method is he or she using?

A) Anthroposcopy
B) Osteometry
C) Chemical
D) Histology

Question 22

When a forensic anthropologist determines that a decedent smoked a pipe during life because of the wear on his teeth, what data gathering method is he or she using?

A) Anthroposcopy
B) Osteometry
C) Chemical
D) Histology

Question 23

The human skeleton has a number of anomalies that occur within all populations. These are measured on which of the following scales?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 24

The occupation of a human is measured on which of the following scales?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 25

Which of the following is not a role of forensic anthropologists?

A) Determination of demographic characteristics from the skeleton
B) Determine cause of death
C) Provide input on trauma to bone in fleshed bodies
D) None of the above

Question 26

Which one of the following is a main objective of forensic anthropological analysis?

A) Assist in the proper location, excavation and mapping of human remains
B) Estimate postmortem interval
C) All of the above
D) Determination of demographic characteristics from the skeleton

Question 27

Although not specifically stated in Chapter 1, it seems reasonable that stature can be predicted from the lengths of many bones of the skeleton using regression equations.

Question 28

Of the three Supreme Court decisions discussed in the textbook, Daubert is the most important.

Question 29

The findings of the Frye case are now obsolete due to the Federal Rules of Evidence (FRE) and the various Supreme Court decisions discussed in the textbook.

Question 30

Forensic anthropologists are legally responsible for determining cause and manner of death from the skeleton.

Question 31

The Modern Period of forensic anthropology started with the formation of the Physical Anthropology Section of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

Question 32

Wilton Krogman and T. Dale Stewart are two of the main figures in the Consolidation Period of forensic anthropology.

Question 33

The specialists who analyzed the mutilated bodies of the Ruxton case employed methods that are still in use in forensic anthropology today.

Question 34

Oliver Wendell Holmes and Jeffries Wyman were forensic anthropologists who helped solve the Parkman murder.

Question 35

After reading the textbook, students will become experts in forensic anthropology.

Question 36

Forensic anthropologists not only deal with modern skeletons but also historically significant skeletal remains.

Question 37

Forensic anthropologists usually study persons who have died within the last 50 years.

Question 38

Clyde Snow's list of ten questions comprise the majority of tasks for forensic anthropologists.

Question 39

Like any other science, forensic anthropology has two basic methods: data gathering and data analysis.

Question 40

Anthroposcopy is the measurement of metric traits in human skeletons.

Question 41

The term regression does not adequately describe the function of these types of equations.

Question 42

Regression equations help to predict one measurement from another.

Question 43

The sectioning point separates groups in discriminant functions.

Question 44

In discriminant functions, measurements of bone or osteological structures (e.g., jaws, face) are entered into a formula and a number calculated that indicates membership in a group.

Question 45

Discriminant functions are not as useful as indexes.

Question 46

Indexes and discriminant functions are methods for expressing visual traits in terms of numbers.

Question 47

Range charts help untangle conflicting data.

Question 48

Decision matrices help untangle conflicting data.

Question 49

Calipers and bone boards measure osteological structures using ratio level scales.

Question 50

Osteometry usually employs ordinal level scales.

Question 51

One definition of forensic anthropology is that it is the study of human skeletons that have been found under suspicious circumstances.