Deck 21: Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT true of growth in infants:

A) on birth most infants lose weight
B) birthweight doubles in the first six months
C) birthweight trebles in the first year
D) height trebles in the first year
E) growth rates slow after the first year

Answer 1

D

Question 2

At what age do boys usually experience the adolescent growth spurt?

A) 9-10 years
B) 10-11 years
C) 11-12 years
D) 12-13 years
E) 13-14 years

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Assessment of growth in children up to five years of age usually involves:

A) height, weight, BMI only
B) height, weight, BMI, head circumference
C) height, weight, BMI, mid arm muscle circumference
D) height, weight, BMI, calf circumference
E) height, weight, BMI, head and mid arm muscle circumference

Answer 3

B

Question 4

James is 3 years old and this is his current dietary intake in one day:
Based on James' intakes and the current Australian recommendations, are the following statements true or false:
-• intake of fruit is meeting recommended serves

Question 5

James is 3 years old and this is his current dietary intake in one day:
Based on James' intakes and the current Australian recommendations, are the following statements true or false:
-• intake of vegetables is meeting recommended serves

Question 6

James is 3 years old and this is his current dietary intake in one day:
Based on James' intakes and the current Australian recommendations, are the following statements true or false:
-• intake of grain/cereal foods is meeting recommended serves

Question 7

James is 3 years old and this is his current dietary intake in one day:
Based on James' intakes and the current Australian recommendations, are the following statements true or false:
-• intake of discretionary foods has exceeded recommendations

Question 8

James is 3 years old and this is his current dietary intake in one day:
Based on James' intakes and the current Australian recommendations, are the following statements true or false:
-• intake of milk/yoghurt/cheese is meeting recommended serves

Question 9

James is 3 years old and this is his current dietary intake in one day:
Based on James' intakes and the current Australian recommendations, are the following statements true or false:
-• intake of meat/alternatives is meeting recommended serves

Question 10

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A) Formula fed infants may require additional water in very hot weather.
B) Breastmilk can supply all of an infant's energy requirements for the first six months.
C) Calcium, iron and zinc are better absorbed from breastmilk than formula.
D) Heat preparation of formula feeds may destroy some vitamins.
E) Carbohydrate as lactose is the primary source of energy for the newborn infant.

Question 11

What is NOT a population indicator for breastfeeding? An infant…

A) is put to the breast within a day of birth
B) receives only breastmilk
C) can receive breastmilk that is provided by a wet nurse
D) can receive oral rehydrating solution as well as breastmilk
E) receives only breastmilk for the first six months

Question 12

Infants with a family history of food allergy should…

A) receive complementary foods at around 3 months
B) receive complementary foods at around 6 months
C) not receive any breastmilk
D) not be given egg or peanuts in the first year of life
E) receive hydrolysed formula

Question 13

Formula feeding is associated with:

A) Decreased risk of sub-optimal growth in infants.
B) Improvements in cognitive development.
C) Decreased risk of maternal breast and ovarian cancers.
D) Increased risk of infectious diseases.
E) Decreased environmental and economic costs.

Question 14

What is NOT necessarily a sign indicating an infant is ready for complementary foods?

A) able to sit, unsupported
B) can bring their hand to their mouth
C) is interested in what others are eating
D) can maintain a midline head position
E) has vertical movement of the tongue

Question 15

Young children who consume large quantities of cow's milk or dairy products in preference to all other foods, are at risk of:

A) anaemia
B) dental caries
C) diabetes
D) obesity
E) rickets

Question 16

Which statement is correct. Food refusal during the early preschool years…

A) is rare and a recognised medical condition
B) can lead to serious nutritional deficiencies
C) can be due to a slowing of growth
D) is caused by hormonal imbalances
E) should be treated immediately

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT generally an issue for many of Australian children?

A) overweight
B) underweight
C) tooth decay
D) food allergy
E) limited physical activity

Question 18

What components influence energy and nutrition requirements in infancy and childhood?

Question 19

Discuss why breastmilk is described as a living fluid?

Question 20

Name two situations where breastfeeding is contraindicated.

Question 21

Using the socioecological model identify a strategy in each of the systems that would improve breastfeeding rates. (5 marks for identifying the levels of the SEM and 5 marks for strategy examples)