Deck 31: Ecohealth Disorders

Question 1

Ecohealth disorders are characterised by:

A) an inanimate pathway to ill health
B) an obligatory omnivorous diet
C) enough energy throughput
D) asynchrony with nature
E) the absence of non-communicable diseases

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The ecological dependence of organs and systems for their health can be disturbed in the following situations, EXCEPT:

A) musculo-skeletal health by sedentariness
B) reproductive health by microplastic contamination of food and water
C) the inflammatory response of adipose tissue
D) sensory deprivation with limited access to public open space (POS)
E) an effect of sunlight on integumentary (skin) microbiomes

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Dietary diversity is essential for optimal health because it indicates nutrient adequacy.
B) Plant-based diets are preferred as they reduce the risk of developing metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, heart disease and certain cancers.
C) Gluten-free diets are good for health because gluten can damage the lining of the gastrointestinal tract even in healthy individuals.
D) The WHO recommends that adults participate in 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise such as brisk walking, cycling and swimming, each week.
E) A minimum of 15 minutes a day of moderate-intensity exercise can be beneficial to overall health.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT one of the 2013 Australian Dietary Guidelines?

A) Eat a wide variety of foods and drink plenty of water.
B) Limit intake of foods high in saturated fat, added salt, added sugars and alcohol.
C) Be physically active and consume nutritious food and drinks to meet daily energy needs.
D) Have quality and uninterrupted sleep 7-8 hours a day.
E) Encourage, support and promote breastfeeding.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Exposure to public open spaces can help improve mood and reduce stress and anxiety.
B) Three sessions of 10-min brisk walking is as good as one session of 30-min brisk walking.
C) Sitting for 5-6 hours straight will do you no harm as long as you jog for 25-30 minutes every day.
D) Habitual sleep duration can vary within and between individuals, but it is important to have adequate sleep of 7-8 hours per day.
E) Sleep deprivation can have adverse effects on growth, attention and working memory, the brain and cognitive function.

Question 6

Use of 'precision' as an approach to medical or nutritional practice is demonstrated by the following scenarios, EXCEPT:

A) Identifying suitable doses (which could be more or less than routinely prescribed) of medications for those with genetic variations.
B) Identifying the best treatment for cancer in each individual patient dependent on genetic profile.
C) Use of yoghurts containing specific live cultures to restore general homeostasis through the gut microbiota.
D) Identifying the most suitable dietary patterns to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease in those with the ApoE genotypic allele ԑ4.
E) Growing replacement organs from the patient's own cells.

Question 7

List at least 5 features of food patterns and behaviours known to contribute to the prevention of ecohealth disorders.

Question 8

Explain how a cost-risk-benefit analysis can be applied to a precision or personalised approach.

Question 9

Explain how increased screen time may be increasing eco-health disorders.

Question 10

Identify barriers impacting on being physically active. Categorise these according to the socio-ecological model.