Deck 11: Word Meaning

Question 1

At some point, the semantic system has to interface with the perceptual systems; this interfacing is sometimes called:

A)Grounding
B)Tuning
C)Gating
D)Extraction
E)Digging out

Answer 1

A

Question 2

According to Katz and Fodor´s decompositional theory of meaning, the combination of features across words is governed by particular constraints called:

A)Taxonomic constraints
B)Selection restrictions
C)Mapping constraints
D)Stops
E)Velars

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following constraints says that there is a level of representation where semantics must interface with other psychological representations, such as those derived from perception?

A)Mapping
B)Taxonomic
C)Phonological
D)Cognitive
E)Grammatical

Answer 3

D

Question 4

According to the probabilistic feature model, the procedure that concerns those aspects of meaning that are related to identifying instances of the concept is called the:

A)Segmentation procedure
B)Lexical content procedure
C)Task-dependent procedure
D)Identification procedure
E)Core description procedure

Question 5

We represent exemplars without abstraction: each concept represents a particular, previously encountered instance. We make semantic judgments by comparison with specific stored instances. This is the:

A)Recursion hypothesis
B)Collective store model
C)Transformational theory
D)Exemplar theory
E)Comprehension hypothesis

Question 6

The category where the compound is a combination or conjunction of the constituents (e.g., a "robin canary" is a cross between the two, and a "musician painter" refers to someone who is both) is called:

A)Extraction
B)Hybridization
C)Initiation
D)Syntactic
E)Provocation

Question 7

Our store of semantic knowledge is called our:

A)Mental encyclopedia
B)Modality-specific store
C)Mental thesaurus
D)Specific context collection
E)Specific format store

Question 8

People prefer to assume that combinations involve the usual meanings of their constituents, so they prefer to use this strategy first. This is called the:

A)Fixedness effect
B)Relational effect
C)Formality effect
D)Last resort strategy
E)Assimilation strategy

Question 9

The "best example" of a concept (or average family member), which is often a non-existent composite example, is known as a:

A)Prototype
B)Recursion
C)Kinship term
D)Diphthong
E)Prosody

Question 10

If something flies and builds a nest, it usually lays eggs; if a living thing has four legs, it gives birth (with a few exceptions) to live young. We say that these features are:

A)Stored independently
B)Opposites
C)Intercorrelated
D)Synonymous
E)Disintercorrelated

Question 11

According to the probabilistic feature model, the procedure that comprises the essential defining features of concepts, and captures the relations between concepts, is known as its:

A)Abstraction
B)Specification
C)Core description
D)Modality context
E)Identification

Question 12

According to which hypothesis do category-specific semantic impairments for living and non-living things arise because knowledge about living and non-living things is stored in different parts of the brain?

A)Single-code
B)Opaque modality
C)Integrative modality
D)Ambiguous context
E)Domain-specific knowledge

Question 13

Caplan proposed a compromise between the multiple stores and unitary store theories in which only a subset of semantic information is dedicated to specific modalities. This has become known as the:

A)Emergentist account
B)Exercise account
C)Phonological hypothesis
D)Determinism hypothesis
E)Identification semantics hypothesis

Question 14

According to which account is the same semantic system, containing everything (both visual and verbal), duplicated for each modality of input?

A)Modality-specific content
B)Input
C)Modality-specific format
D)Modality-specific context
E)Output

Question 15

Which hypothesis of semantic representation states that we have a perceptual code that encodes the perceptual characteristics of a concept, and a verbal code that encodes the abstract and non-sensory aspects of a concept?

A)Explicit-code
B)Synonymous-code
C)Dual-code
D)Relatedness-code
E)Single-code

Question 16

A frame for organizing knowledge that can be structured as a series of slots plus fillers is called:

A)A code
B)A schema
C)A block
D)A gate
E)An intension

Question 17

The more related two things are, the harder it is to disentangle them, even if they are not ultimately from the same class. This is known as the:

A)Prototypicality effect
B)Typicality effect
C)Divergent effect
D)Distinctiveness effect
E)Relatedness effect

Question 18

Participants are presented with simple "facts" and have to press one button if the sentence is true, and another if it is false in the:

A)Conservation task
B)Sentence verification task
C)Dichotic listening task
D)Segmentation task
E)Subtraction task

Question 19

Our general knowledge is called our:

A)Thesaurus
B)Extensions
C)Episodic memory
D)Intensions
E)Semantic memory

Question 20

The extension of a word is:

A)What the word stands for in the world
B)Its essential meaning
C)Its abstract specification
D)Its sense
E)Its core