Deck 1: The Study of Language

Question 1

Modern psycholinguistics is closely related to other areas of:

A)Humanistic psychology
B)Clinical psychology
C)Gestalt psychology
D)Differential psychology
E)Cognitive psychology

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Which of the following procedures measures the energy released by hemoglobin molecules in the blood, and then works out the areas of the brain receiving the greatest amounts of blood and oxygen?

A)fMRI
B)TMS
C)CAT scan
D)PET scan
E)X-ray

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The lexicon contains:

A)Information about pragmatic word roles only
B)Information about written word recognition only
C)All the information that we know about a word, including its sounds, meaning, written appearance, and the syntactic roles the word can adopt
D)Information about word sound and inflections only
E)Information about word comprehension only

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The brain imaging method in which the participant carries out one task (e.g., reading aloud), then a variant of that task (e.g., reading silently), and then the critical difference between the two is located is called the:

A)Isolation method
B)Subtraction method
C)Functional method
D)Simulation method
E)Resonance method

Question 5

The study of the anatomy of language emphasizes:

A)The role of different parts of the brain in behavior
B)The components of the articulatory tract, such as the tongue and the voice box
C)Psychological processes involved in language
D)The study of words and word formation
E)The study of language itself, the rules that describe it, and our knowledge about the rules of language

Question 6

In a discrete model:

A)Information is allowed to flow from one level to the following level before it has completed its processing
B)A level of processing can only begin its work when the previous one has finished its own work
C)If the stages overlap, then multiple candidates become activated at the lower level of processing
D)Information only flows bottom-up
E)Information is like a series of waterfalls

Question 7

According to the text, Crystal defines a word as:

A)"The smallest unit of grammar that can stand on its own as a complete utterance, separated with spaces in written language"
B)"Units of language"
C)"Units of grammar that cannot stand on their own as a complete utterance"
D)"The largest unit of grammar that can stand on its own as a complete utterance, separated with spaces in written language"
E)"Units of sounds combined together"

Question 8

Semantics is the study of:

A)Words and word formation
B)How sounds are used within a language
C)Language use
D)Word order
E)Meaning

Question 9

Neuropsychology examines the role of:

A)Components of the articulatory tract
B)Word formation
C)Different parts of the brain in behavior
D)Language acquisition
E)Inflectional changes

Question 10

Which of the following techniques uses radio-frequency waves to produce high-resolution images?

A)fMRI
B)PET scan
C)MRI
D)CAT scan
E)TMS

Question 11

The individual who argued that transformational grammar provided both an account of the underlying structure of language and an account of people´s knowledge of their language was:

A)Skinner
B)Chomsky
C)Crystal
D)Galton
E)Sapir

Question 12

The study of language use is called:

A)Pragmatics
B)Syntax
C)Morphology
D)Phonology
E)Phonetics

Question 13

The approach that involves computer modeling of human behavior emphasizing rules, plans, and goals is known as:

A)Information processing
B)Informational intelligence
C)Computational processing
D)Artificial intelligence
E)Connectionism

Question 14

How long does it take to read out a word? Do words differ in the speed with which we can read them out, depending on their properties? Most of the data used to answer these questions come from traditional psychology experiments, particularly those that generate:

A)Recognition
B)Recall data
C)Interpretation
D)Association
E)Reaction times

Question 15

Psycholinguistics is the study of the:

A)Role of different parts of the brain in behavior
B)Psychological processes involved in language
C)Components of the articulatory tract, such as the tongue and the voice box
D)Use of language itself
E)Structure of the brain

Question 16

The text describes a hypothesis as a:

A)General idea that can be tested
B)Specific explanation of how something works
C)General explanation of how something works
D)Pieces of evidence that have been explained
E)Specific idea that can be tested

Question 17

The beginning of the scientific study of the psychology of language is often traced back to:

A)A conference held in Cornell, USA, in the summer of 1951
B)The sitcoms of the 1970s
C)A meeting held at Harvard, USA, in the winter of 1946
D)The people of the early 1800s
E)A conference held in Australia, in the summer of 1896

Question 18

The study of how sounds are used within a language is called:

A)Neuropsychology
B)Morphology
C)Phonology
D)Linguistics
E)Phonics

Question 19

Inflectional morphology is most concerned with:

A)Changes to words that do not alter their underlying meaning or syntactic category
B)Changes to words that do alter their underlying meaning or syntactic category
C)How sounds are used within a language
D)Different parts of the speaker´s brain that are activated when certain words are spoken
E)Different parts of the listener´s brain that are not activated when words are spoken

Question 20

Which of the following produces medium-resolution images from integrating large numbers of X-ray pictures taken from many different angles around the head?

A)PET scan
B)fMRI
C)MRI
D)CAT scan
E)TMS