Question 1

Which of these would be acting as what Merrill refers to as &#34;moral Machiavellians&#34;?&#10;A) Journalists who name the victim after a rape trial ends&#10;B) Journalists who never name rape accusers&#10;C) Journalists who name rape suspects as soon as they are charged&#10;D) Journalists who name the accuser when the court acquits a rape suspect

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

Which one of these does Kittross say is most crucial for the mass media?&#10;A) Truthfulness&#10;B) Balance&#10;C) Objectivity&#10;D) Credibility

Accepted Answer

Kittross states that credibility is the most crucial for mass media, as it is what establishes trust between the media and its audience. Without credibility, the media's messages would not be taken seriously and its influence would diminish.

Question 3

All of these are components of fairness, except ...&#10;A) Ignorance&#10;B) Impartiality&#10;C) Keeping an open mind&#10;D) Suspending judgment until valid decisions can be made

Accepted Answer

Ignorance is not a component of fairness, as being ignorant can lead to biases and unfair treatment. The other options, including impartiality, keeping an open mind, and suspending judgment until valid decisions can be made, all contribute to fairness.

Question 4

Which one of these statements fits best with Kittross' assertion that &#34;when authority divides, responsibilities multiply&#34;?&#10;A) Truth is not a sufficient criterion for ethical information.&#10;B) Media, sources and audience are all responsible the dissemination of ethical information.&#10;C) The media are obligated to be gatekeepers.&#10;D) Audience members are responsible for seeking diverse information.

Accepted Answer

Kittross' assertion is that when authority divides, responsibilities multiply. This implies that responsibility is not solely on one party but is shared among different parties. Option B acknowledges that responsibility is shared among the media, sources, and audience. Therefore, it is the best fit for Kittross' assertion. Option A talks about truth and ethical information without acknowledging shared responsibility. Option C talks about gatekeeping, but doesn't acknowledge shared responsibility for dissemination of ethical information. Option D places responsibility solely on the audience, which does not fit with Kittross' assertion.

Question 5

All of these are among the Black-Steele-Barney criteria for ethical use of deceptive news gathering, except ...&#10;A) All the non-deceptive alternatives must be tried first or rejected as unlikely to succeed.&#10;B) The types of deception and their rationale must be revealed to the audience.&#10;C) The story must be reported as soon as possible, meeting all deadlines and beating all of the competition.&#10;D) The benefit from the story's ends must outweigh the harm from its means.

Accepted Answer

The Black-Steele-Barney criteria for ethical use of deceptive news gathering requires that non-deceptive alternatives must be tried first or rejected as unlikely to succeed, the types of deception and their rationale must be revealed to the audience, and the benefit from the story's ends must outweigh the harm from its means. However, the criteria does not emphasize the need to report the story as soon as possible or beat the competition.

Question 6

Which one of these is most essential to the media, according to Gordon?&#10;A) Economic success and independence&#10;B) Accuracy&#10;C) Fairness&#10;D) Truth

Accepted Answer

According to Gordon, truth is the most essential aspect of the media as it serves as the foundation of accuracy and fairness, ultimately leading to economic success and independence.

Question 7

What do journalists crucially need to maintain while dealing with sources who seek to manipulate them?&#10;A) Autonomy&#10;B) Objectivity&#10;C) Balance&#10;D) Symbiosis

Accepted Answer

Journalists need to maintain autonomy to ensure they are not unduly influenced or manipulated by sources, allowing them to report independently and truthfully.

Question 8

Gordon blames all of these for occasionally manipulating the media, except ...&#10;A) Corporate PR executives&#10;B) The Society of Professional Journalists&#10;C) Grassroots public relations efforts&#10;D) Technology that expands the media's news hole and tightens deadlines

Accepted Answer

In the article, Gordon specifically states that the Society of Professional Journalists is not one of the groups guilty of occasionally manipulating the media. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

Question 9

Who is mainly responsible for the &#34;informational cocoon&#34;?&#10;A) Advertisers&#10;B) Audience members&#10;C) Public relations professionals&#10;D) Journalists

Accepted Answer

Audience members are mainly responsible for the "informational cocoon" because they tend to seek out news sources and information that confirm their existing beliefs and values, creating a self-reinforcing cycle of like-minded viewpoints. While journalists, advertisers, and PR professionals all play a role in the media landscape, ultimately it is the choices and preferences of audience members that drive the phenomenon of the informational cocoon.

Question 10

All of these concepts are &#34;in the same family&#34; as truth, except ...&#10;A) Accuracy&#10;B) Fairness&#10;C) Subjectivity&#10;D) Reliability

Accepted Answer

Accuracy, fairness, and reliability all relate to truth in some way, while subjectivity is the opposite of objectivity and emphasizes personal opinions and feelings rather than factual truth.

Question 11

All of these concepts are &#34;in the same family&#34; as truth, except ...&#10;A) Accuracy&#10;B) Fairness&#10;C) Subjectivity&#10;D) Reliability

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of these concepts are &#34;in the...

Deck 3: Gatekeepers and Manipulators: Truth, Fairness and Accuracy