Deck 13: The Future of Corrections

Question 1

The _________ approach includes the building of more prisons, processing more juveniles as adults in criminal court, the continued use of capital punishment, continued de-emphasis of parole, and turning probation into a type of community policing with increasingly more drug testing and less rehabilitation.

A) punitive
B) get-tough
C) community corrections
D) sentencing

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Referring to this approach as ?__________, proponents argue that probation officers should be like community police officers and get out in the community, spend more time checking up on probationers, enforce conditions quickly, and participate in community crime prevention efforts.

A) "broken windows" probation
B) get-tough probation
C) community service probation
D) standard probation

Answer 2

A

Question 3

This term refers to states pursuing policies that save money.

A) Economic pragmatism
B) Community corrections
C) Tax reduction
D) Tax increase

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Michael Jacobson proposes __________ for parole violators so not as many of them will be sent back to prison.

A) second-chance sanctions
B) punitive sanctions
C) community corrections
D) graduated sanctions

Question 5

__________ has trimmed its prison population to under 135,000 inmates, but this has been done in response to a Supreme Court ruling (Brown v. Plata).

A) Texas
B) California
C) Kansas
D) Michigan

Question 6

__________ justice focuses on vengeance, deterrence, and punishment.

A) Retributive
B) Restorative
C) Community
D) Strict

Question 7

__________ justice is concerned with repairing the damage or harm done to victims and the community through a process of negotiation, mediation, victim empowerment, and reparation.

A) Victim
B) Retributive
C) Restorative
D) Offender

Question 8

The combining of the principles of restorative justice and those of rehabilitation is referred to as ________.

A) restorative justice
B) restorative life
C) new-age rehabilitation
D) restorative rehabilitation

Question 9

According to the text, __________ are building and operating increasingly more prisons and jails.

A) companies such as Corrections Corporation of America (CCA)
B) states
C) counties
D) companies such as Corrections Counsel of America

Question 10

In 2009, the number of state prisoners in private prisons reached more than __________ inmates, and the number of federal prisoners in private prisons topped __________ prisoners.

A) 34,000; 95,000
B) 25,000; 50,000
C) 95,000; 34,000
D) 50,000; 25,000

Question 11

__________ is a form of punishment for those offenders not considered serious enough to be sent to prison.

A) Community corrections
B) Jail
C) Parole
D) Probation

Question 12

__________ can be a safety valve to relieve prison overcrowding.

A) Parole
B) Probation
C) Community corrections
D) Restorative justice

Question 13

This means that medicines may eliminate many of the problem behaviors that lead to some crimes.

A) Mental health counseling
B) Remedicalization
C) Biomedical therapy
D) Psychological counseling

Question 14

__________ would allow inmates to be diagnosed remotely without a physician making face-to-face physical contact.

A) Remedicalization
B) Videoconferencing
C) Electronic monitoring
D) Telemedicine

Question 15

According to the text, this would allow inmates to have court hearings without leaving the prison or jail and allow probationers to report via computers instead of directly to a probation officer.

A) Videoconferencing
B) Electronic monitoring
C) Teleconferencing
D) Skype

Question 16

According to the text, one current trend that is likely to continue is the punitive or get-tough approach to corrections.

Question 17

According to the text, the trend of privatization is not likely to continue in the future.

Question 18

According to the text, the get-tough approach is likely to continue because it is politically appealing.

Question 19

A dramatic example of the get-tough approach is an effort to make probation similar to community policing.

Question 20

Economic pragmatism refers to states pursuing policies that save money.

Question 21

Discuss the possible future scenarios for corrections noted in this chapter. Note the advantages and disadvantages of each scenario.

Question 22

Of all the possible paths that corrections may pursue noted in this chapter, which two are your choices for the best options? Discuss why you chose the two options you selected.

Question 23

One possible direction for corrections is to reintroduce the spiritual dimension into corrections. This is very possible because it has already begun; Florida, for example, has two faith-based prisons. What do you think about trying to reintroduce a spiritual dimension in corrections? Is this a positive direction for prisons, probation, and parole? Or should we focus on such traditional efforts as education, job training, and substance abuse treatment?

Question 24

Can you think of any other directions that corrections can or should take in the next few years? Explain.

Question 25

Ethics Focus: "Where Do We Go From Here?"
The possible futures addressed in this chapter include a continued emphasis on punishment, devoting more resources to correctional treatment, pursuing restorative justice, and greater attention to spiritual values.
-Which of these alternatives are more economically efficient in the short run?

Question 26

Ethics Focus: "Where Do We Go From Here?"
The possible futures addressed in this chapter include a continued emphasis on punishment, devoting more resources to correctional treatment, pursuing restorative justice, and greater attention to spiritual values.
-In the long run?

Question 27

Ethics Focus: "Where Do We Go From Here?"
The possible futures addressed in this chapter include a continued emphasis on punishment, devoting more resources to correctional treatment, pursuing restorative justice, and greater attention to spiritual values.
-Which are more morally responsible?