Deck 13: Types of Data Collection Techniques

Question 1

The following is/are example(s) of researcher report measures:

A) Attitude scale
B) Personality scale
C) Physiological recording
D) Questionnaire

Answer 1

Physiological recording

Question 2

The following is/are example(s) of self-report measures:

A) Interview
B) Narrative observation
C) Participant observation
D) All of the above

Answer 2

Interview

Question 3

Which of the following is an important selection criterion for data collection instruments?

A) Evidence of reliability
B) Evidence of validity
C) Participants are similar to population of interest
D) All of the above

Answer 3

All of the above

Question 4

Observational techniques vary according to:

A) Whether observations are direct or indirect
B) The naturalness of the setting
C) The degree of observer participation
D) All of the above

Question 5

Indirect observations of children's behavior could include which of the following:

A) Parent observations
B) Teacher observations
C) Trained observer observations
D) a and b

Question 6

The following is/are true of observations in naturalistic settings:

A) They tend to have high ecological validity
B) Stimuli can be controlled in a systematic way
C) Computer-based observational aides are frequently used
D) All of the above

Question 7

The following is/are examples of an objective test:

A) Essay test
B) Projective test
C) Multiple choice test
D) a and c
E) All of the above

Question 8

A researcher develops an achievement test for Native American middle school children. The following is/are true regarding the development of such a measure:

A) The test must be comprehensive and cover reading, language, and arithmetic
B) The test must show evidence of reliability and validity for Native American middle school children
C) The test must be normed against scores for Anglo middle school children
D) All of the above

Question 9

The following is/are true about an authentic assessment:

A) It takes less time to do than a paper and pencil test
B) It is low on ecological validity
C) It is a way to measure actual performance, such as a music recital
D) b and c

Question 10

The following is/are true about aptitude tests:

A) Performance is determined by genetic inheritance
B) Knowledge of specific content, such as geography or science is assessed
C) General problem-solving abilities are assessed
D) These tests measure perceptions of groups

Question 11

The validity of paper and pencil personality inventories depends on:

A) Respondents' willingness to give honest answers
B) Respondents' ability to read and understand the questions
C) The ease of administration and scoring
D) a and b

Question 12

Dr. Sanger has developed a summated Likert scale to measure people's attitudes towards abortion. She finds that all of the individual items correlate highly with each other. The following is/are true about this attitude scale:

A) Internal consistency has been demonstrated
B) Criterion validity has been demonstrated
C) There is evidence for content and validity of the scale
D) All of the above

Question 13

The following is/are not true of directly administered questionnaires:

A) They can be quite cost-effective
B) There is usually a high response rate
C) Probability sampling is typically used
D) All of the above

Question 14

The following is/are true of open-ended questions:

A) Each participant must formulate his answer to the questions with his own words
B) Data preparation and coding are usually labor-intensive
C) They are useful when the researcher is not sure of all the possible responses
D) All of the above

Question 15

A series of close-ended questions with ordered choices might be found on which of the following?

A) An in-depth interview
B) Summated attitude scale
C) Personality inventory
D) b and c

Question 16

The following is/are true of interviews:

A) They can be highly structured with close-ended questions
B) They can be in-depth interviews requiring tape transcription
C) They are one-on-one in nature
D) All of the above

Question 17

The following is/are true about focus groups:

A) Large numbers of people may participate at one time
B) Focus groups are often used to test people's perceptions to new products
C) Many people can be quickly surveyed using this technique
D) All of the above are true

Question 18

In contrast to other measures, a test is standardized if it:

A) Is administered in a consistent way, according to a manual
B) Has data on its reliability, validity, and norms
C) Can be given to people from a wide range of backgrounds and ethnicities
D) Has a clear formula for computing summary scores
E) All of the above are true

Question 19

With self-report measures, responses are filtered through the participants and can be influenced by social desirability.

Question 20

With researcher-report measures, participants' desire to look good or answer in socially desirable ways is more of a problem than with self-report measures.

Question 21

Researcher report measures are used by quantitative researchers, because they are not affected by cultural biases.

Question 22

Quantitative researchers are concerned about self-report measures' validity.

Question 23

Quantitative researchers prefer to use naturalistic settings for their research.

Question 24

Criterion-referenced tests compare students' scores against other students' scores.

Question 25

Standardized tests are objective, because the scores are not influenced by scorers' judgments.

Question 26

Projective techniques are an example of personality assessment.

Question 27

It is impossible to standardize personality inventories.

Question 28

Semantic differential scales measure attitudes with sets of bipolar adjective sets.

Question 29

Surveys are intended to make inferences about a whole population based on a sample's responses to questions.

Question 30

Interviews depend on written feedback from respondents.

Question 31

Open-ended questions are more successfully employed with interviews than questionnaires.

Question 32

Telephone interviews are often used to obtain a quick, geographically diverse sample.

Question 33

In-depth interviews can be coded on the spot because they use close-ended questions.

Question 34

Businesses and nonprofit agencies employ focus groups to better understand the concerns and needs of potential or actual service users.

Question 35

What is the most accurate and desirable method of recording behavior?

Question 36

Why is it best to select instruments that have been used in other studies?

Question 37

What are the advantages to using an Internet questionnaire?

Question 38

What are the four types of questionnaire items?