Deck 1: Introducing Sustainable Tourism

Question 1

Which of the following is not a part of the accommodations component of the tourism industry?

A) Homestays
B) Restaurants
C) Bed and Breakfasts
D) Hotels

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The Grand Tour occurred in which of the following centuries?

A) 16th
B) 17th
C) 19th
D) 20th

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which event below, in the early 20th century, is said to have increased the desire to travel?

A) World War II
B) The Syrian War
C) Operation Iraqi Freedom
D) The Cold War

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Travel is defined as:

A) A social, cultural, and economic phenomenon
B) the temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence
C) The activities undertaken during a stay in a destination, and the facilities created to cater to needs
D) The physical process of moving from one area to another

Question 5

Tourism is recognized to support job creation because:

A) The tourism supply chain is linked to other industries
B) Tourism stimulates entrepreneurship and growth of micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises
C) Tourism can support job creation for women, youth, migrant workers, rural communities, and indigenous peoples
D) All of the above

Question 6

Travel is said to have eased during one of the eras below. Which one is it?

A) The Roman Era
B) The Middle Ages
C) The Renaissance
D) The Industrial Revolution

Question 7

The period of the Grand Tour occurred during which era?

A) The Roman Era
B) The Middle Ages
C) The Renaissance
D) The Industrial Revolution

Question 8

Which of the following did NOT contribute to an increased desire for people to travel in the early 20th century?

A) The development of mass air travel during World War II
B) The advent of paid vacations
C) The number of service veterans exposed to foreign countries during World War II
D) The advent of the internet

Question 9

A paradigm is:

A) A system of concepts, values, perceptions, and practices shared by a society
B) A cultural practice
C) National pride and patriotism
D) Static and unchanging across generations

Question 10

Jafari's Tourism Platform model identifies:

A) The sustainability of tourism development
B) How tourism meets the needs of visitors
C) The four tourism paradigms between the 1950s and 1990s
D) All of the above

Question 11

The Advocacy platform is associated with which of the following?

A) Economic growth
B) Economic development
C) Community development
D) Sustainable development

Question 12

Ecotourism, alternative tourism, and community-based tourism is associated with which of the following?

A) Advocacy platform
B) Cautionary platform
C) Adaptancy platform
D) Knowledge-based platform

Question 13

Economic leakages are a result of which of the following?

A) Local sourcing
B) Local hiring
C) Investments in infrastructure
D) None of the above

Question 14

The recognition of the negative impacts of tourism occurs within which paradigm?

A) Advocacy platform
B) Cautionary platform
C) Adaptancy platform
D) Knowledge-based platform

Question 15

Sustainable development originates from which of the following?

A) The Smithson Report
B) The Brundtland Report
C) The United Nations World Tourism Organisation
D) None of the above

Question 16

The total economic impact is determined by:

A) The direct effect, the indirect effect, and the invited effect
B) The direct effect, the indirect effect, and the induced effect
C) The indirect effect, the invited effect, and the induced effect
D) The direct effect, the induced effect, and the invited effect

Question 17

If a country has a negative tourism trade balance, it means:

A) There are more people leaving the county to travel than are visiting.
B) There are more people visiting the county than are leaving to travel.
C) There are more people buying travel-related services in their home country than is the destination country
D) None of the above

Question 18

The primary advantage of foreign exchange earnings is:

A) Wealth creation
B) Job creation
C) Diversity of income
D) Tax evasion

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT considered a tourism tax?

A) Visa fees
B) Accommodation tax
C) Sales tax
D) Vehicle registration tax

Question 20

Which of the following would be considered an opportunity cost of tourism?

A) Revenue earned from new hotel development
B) Revenue earned from visitor expenditures
C) Revenue lost from the fishing industry
D) Revenue lost from tax incentives

Question 21

A negative impact of tourism on the environment includes which of the following?

A) Money donated to support conservation
B) Increases in poaching
C) Increases in litter
D) All of the above

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a positive social impact of tourism development

A) Increases interest in foreign consumer goods
B) Better maintenance of public facilities
C) Community pride and self-worth
D) Economic incentives to continue or revive old traditions

Question 23

The unemployment rate is an example of which type of social indicator?

A) Objective
B) Subjective
C) Targeted
D) Governmental

Question 24

The transformation of goods, services, ideas and people into commodities, or objects of trade is called:

A) Leakages
B) Opportunity costs
C) Socialization
D) Commodification

Question 25

Hotels that prioritize waste reduction and recycling are practicing which form of sustainable tourism?

A) Knowledge-based
B) Weak
C) Strong
D) Mass

Question 26

When it comes to the triple bottom-line of sustainability, which one of the following is often the priority in developing economies that are experiencing severe poverty issues?

A) The Economy
B) The Environment
C) The Society
D) The Culture

Question 27

Which of the following is a reason organization may want to be seen as sustainable?

A) Sustainability initiatives are tax deductible is all countries
B) It can increase their return on investment
C) It's the law
D) It can attract new customers

Question 28

Companies focused on continuous improvement in sustainable operations and that view marketing as increasing demand on the resource are called:

A) Conservationists
B) Distractors
C) Opportunists
D) Cowboys

Question 29

Companies that score low on green marketing and on green management are called:

A) Conservationists
B) Distractors
C) Opportunists
D) Cowboys

Question 30

Which of the following is designed to be future-based and inspire employees of a company?

A) Business plan
B) Vision statement
C) Mission statement
D) None of the above

Question 31

A vision statement should:

A) Be concise, no longer than a few sentences
B) Be crafted by a sustainability officer who understands the challenges of sustainability
C) Not reflect a company's brand
D) Be written in the future tense

Question 32

The number of international tourists in a given year, is 10 times more than the number of domestic tourists in that year.

Question 33

Not all travel is tourism.

Question 34

Tourism is the world's largest employer.

Question 35

The Grand Tour was open to all classes of society.

Question 36

Foreign exchange earnings are a positive impact of tourism because they minimize a country's reliance on any one currency.

Question 37

Triple bottom-line refers to the number of stakeholders involved in sustainable tourism development.

Question 38

A belief under strong sustainability is that man-made capital is more important than natural capital.

Question 39

Homestays are a part of the accommodations component of the tourism industry.

Question 40

Under Jafari's cautionary platform tourism seen as undermining the poverty alleviation goals of tourism development.

Question 41

One of positive social impacts of tourism development is that it instills community pride and self-worth.

Question 42

Tourists seek experiences through cultural and natural settings, often looking to form an emotional connection to a region and its people.

Question 43

Foreign exchange earning are the most viable strength to support tourism development.

Question 44

Travel specifically to see sites and to experience cultures began during the Roman Empire.

Question 45

Travel eased during the Middle Ages then resurged during the Renaissance.

Question 46

The total economic impact of tourism is the sum of its direct and indirect effects.

Question 47

According to Jafari's Tourism Platform Model, tourism stakeholders today are firmly grounded in the knowledge-based platform.

Question 48

Economic growth is the process by which a nation improves the economic, political, and social well-being of its people.

Question 49

Within the advocacy platform, support for tourism is high.

Question 50

Economic leakages primarily result when consumer goods and services are imported from abroad

Question 51

The adaptancy platform is aligned with the community development paradigm.

Question 52

Sustainable development is controversial because it is rooted in the economic growth paradigm.

Question 53

The knowledge-based platform recognizes that the long-term success of tourism as an industry relies on natural and cultural resources.

Question 54

The United Nations World Tourism Organisation is a strong supporter of the community development paradigm.

Question 55

Mass tourism is the best way to support the triple bottom line of sustainability.

Question 56

Other terms for the triple bottom line of sustainability include three pillars of sustainability or people, planet, profit.

Question 57

The induced effect of tourism is defined as changes in sales, income, or employment within a region in industries that are supplying goods and services to tourism businesses.

Question 58

Opportunities costs impact the profitability of a company.

Question 59

On average, tourists consume more water and electricity than local residents.

Question 60

Using plastic water bottles does not impact the environment because all towns have recycling centers.

Question 61

There are two types of social indicators, explicit and implicit.

Question 62

Commodification leads to authenticity.

Question 63

Ecotourism is a form of strong sustainability

Question 64

Week sustainability is often associated with greening an industry.

Question 65

Building a culture of sustainability only requires strong leadership from the top.

Question 66

Often businesses start a sustainability plan in order to save money.

Question 67

Many of the benefits of being sustainable come from marketing rather than management.

Question 68

Compliers focus on economic profit at the expense of the environment without drawing attention to themselves.

Question 69

As a business moves from cowboy to opportunist, finding strategies that influence the overall operations of the company is important.

Question 70

A vision statement should be infused it with passion and emotion.

Question 71

Promotes low-impact tourism development that can reduce negative impacts

Question 72

Sees tourism as a good thing and celebrates tourism's positive impacts on the economy and cross-cultural understandings

Question 73

Views tourism as a bad thing because of its negative impacts

Question 74

A process where community members come together to take collective action and generate solutions to common problems

Question 75

The transformation of goods, services, ideas, and people into commodities, or objects of trade

Question 76

Changes in local economic activity resulting from businesses selling directly to tourists

Question 77

The process by which a nation improves the economic, political, and social well-being of its people

Question 78

The increase in value of goods and services produced per person, or at an aggregate level, by an economy from one year to another

Question 79

Revenue, in the form of payments to tour companies and hotels that does not stay in the economy where visitation occurs

Question 80

The money earned from the export of goods or services and the receipt of foreign currency