Deck 2: Understanding Capital

Question 1

Tourism is considered an export industry because:

A) It is the world's largest industry
B) It suffers from economic leakages
C) It is produced in one region and purchased by people from outside that region
D) All of the above

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The part of an economy that is under government control is called what?

A) The public sector
B) The private sector
C) The non-governmental sector
D) The philanthropic sector

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following is a positive aspect of capitalism?

A) The exploitation of workers
B) Efficient form of production and consumption
C) A more equal distribution of wealth
D) A priority on conservation

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a factor of production?

A) Land
B) Human capital
C) Financial capital
D) Tax revenue

Question 5

A destination's reputation for friendliness is considered a:

A) Commodification
B) Human capital
C) Intangible resource
D) Tangible resource

Question 6

Capital is different than money because:

A) Money can be used to generation wealth
B) Capital is not used up immediately in the production process
C) Money can be increased over time
D) Capital can only be used to buy something

Question 7

Capitalism requires the flow of which of the following?

A) Money can be used to generation wealth
B) Capital
C) Resources
D) All of the above

Question 8

Sustainable tourism requires which of the following?

A) The conservation of capital so future generations are not left without means to generate new wealth
B) The ability of the poorest classes to access money
C) The ability of the public sector to control tourism growth
D) Investment in the capital class to ensure a quality tourism product

Question 9

The environment becomes natural capital when:

A) It is conserved for future generations
B) When it is combines with a region's built assets
C) It generates wealth for a business or industry
D) None of the above

Question 10

Which of the following can be used to determining the value of the environment?

A) Tourism receipts
B) Its ability to offset greenhouse gas emissions
C) An increase in clean air
D) All of the above

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of tangible cultural capital

A) Local recipes
B) An UNESCO World Heritage site
C) A traditional marriage ceremony
D) The telling of an ancient fable

Question 12

When developing an intangible cultural packages, it is important to consider which of the following?

A) An understand of how a tourist consumes culture
B) Tourist access to the resource
C) The authenticity of the cultural product
D) All of the above

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a part of human capital?

A) Personality traits
B) Education
C) Creativity
D) Class structures

Question 14

Social capital includes:

A) Education
B) Cultural practices
C) Reciprocity
D) Microfinance

Question 15

Citizen power refers to:

A) Feelings of control over resources and business decisions
B) The level of connectedness and involvement that a person has within a community
C) Diversity of opinions
D) The belief that everyone will receive some level of benefit

Question 16

A planning group that includes local farmers and restaurant owners would be considered which type of social capital?

A) Bonding social capital
B) Budding social capital
C) Bridging social capital
D) Belonging social capital

Question 17

Of the enabling conditions that support social capital development, which one ensures a the consideration of a variety of outcomes and development paths?

A) Sense of belonging
B) Reciprocity
C) Diversity
D) Citizen power

Question 18

Which of the types of capital is described as the delivery system for all the other types of capital?

A) Built Capital
B) Financial Capital
C) Human Capital
D) Cultural Capital

Question 19

Which of the following is a form of financial capital?

A) Crowd sourcing
B) Microfinance
C) Bank loans
D) All of the above

Question 20

Political capital is closely related to social capital because:

A) Politics determine the way tourism is developed
B) It allows stakeholders the ability to self-determine how tourism is developed
C) Politics is all about personal relationships
D) Social capital development should be organized by the government

Question 21

The process of putting resources into the other forms of capital, such as social, human, and built capital, is called:

A) Financial investment
B) Micro finance/credit
C) Financial linkages/partnerships
D) None of the above

Question 22

When determining an organization's access to capital, the first step is to:

A) Look for a regional tourism policy that provides guidelines on how tourism should be developed
B) Determine which assets are available and how they can be utilized in your product development
C) Determine what is already being done in relation to sustainability
D) Determine who can support your interest in sustainable tourism

Question 23

Which of the following a way to increase political support for tourism?

A) Lobbying
B) Highlighting the advantages of sourcing locally highlighting the advantages of sourcing locally
C) Provide evidence that sustainability can support a larger economic impact
D) All of the above

Question 24

Which of the following is an example of increasing local stakeholder networks?

A) Allowing locals to visit tourist beaches
B) Donating money to a political campaign
C) Joining an existing fund-raising campaign to support environmental conservation
D) None of the above

Question 25

Which of the following can be used to encourage visitors to act in a more sustainable manner?

A) Establishing a sustainable supply chain
B) Using chemical-free cleaning products
C) Banning access to sensitive environments
D) Encouraging them to treat local residents with respect

Question 26

Capitalism encourages innovation.

Question 27

Sculptures of historic figures are examples of intangible cultural capital.

Question 28

Bridging social capital plus government leadership leads to a more effective form of social capital.

Question 29

Financial capital is the delivery system for all the other types of capital.

Question 30

Convention and Visitors Bureaus are part of a destination's bonding social capital.

Question 31

Tourism is an import industry.

Question 32

The economic goal of tourism is to grow over time as a means to continually improve the quality of life for residents

Question 33

The public sector is the part of an economy that is financed through tax revenue.

Question 34

Capitalism is a social and cultural system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by a government.

Question 35

Capitalism is considered an efficient form of production and consumption.

Question 36

Capital is more durable than money.

Question 37

Accumulating capital will generate profit.

Question 38

The goal within sustainable tourism is to use up all capital as a means of efficiency.

Question 39

Natural capital and environmental capital are the same thing.

Question 40

Within the economic growth paradigm, natural resources are harvested to produce wealth.

Question 41

Culture is ever changing and evolving.

Question 42

Cultural capital must be protected, preserved, and maintained to ensure its survival.

Question 43

Poorly planned intangible cultural packages can damage local communities.

Question 44

Human capital can be transformed into human resources.

Question 45

Reciprocity implies that all members are working together towards a common goal

Question 46

Diversity is associated with the level of connectedness and involvement that a person has within a community.

Question 47

Social capital is closely linked with human capital and political capital.

Question 48

Political capital is how political decisions are made and the amount of influence a social group or industry has over the political process.

Question 49

It is hard to manipulate tourism for political purposes.

Question 50

A lack of financial capital in developing countries is a primary deterrent for small business development.

Question 51

Financial investment involves putting resources into the other forms of capital.

Question 52

Micro credit is the lending of small amounts of money at low interest rates to new businesses, generally in the developing world.

Question 53

Nongovernmental organizations that use donor funding to support loan and credit options for start-up businesses are an example of financial linkages.

Question 54

Crowd sourcing is a financial model in which equity firms provide low-cost loans to business start-ups.

Question 55

Building and maintaining infrastructure can increases social capital and political capital.

Question 56

Hand-made crafts sold to tourists represents a form of built capital.

Question 57

The use of capital has only positive impacts on sustainability.

Question 58

A national strategy can provide an overview of political support for both tourism and sustainability.

Question 59

Lobbying and community involvement can increase political and social capital.

Question 60

How you package your product will depend on the human capital available.

Question 61

Appropriate avenue to support sustainability vary depending on an organization's assets.

Question 62

Social networks made up of homogeneous groups of people

Question 63

Social networks made up of socially heterogeneous groups that include people with different backgrounds

Question 64

Any pre-existing or planned formation that is constructed or retrofitted to suit community needs

Question 65

Factors of production that generate wealth through investment

Question 66

An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state

Question 67

A financial model in which individuals or organizations solicit investment from a large, relatively open, and often rapidly-evolving, group of internet users

Question 68

The stock of values, arts, crafts, cultural knowledge, performance, social practices, and access to heritage resources

Question 69

Includes natural capital, other natural assets, such as weather, and built capital

Question 70

The inputs that are used in the production of goods or services in order to make an economic profit. The factors of production include land, labor, capital and entrepreneurship

Question 71

Financial wealth that is used to start or maintain a business

Question 72

The stock of knowledge, habits, social and personality attributes, including creativity, embodied in the ability to perform labor so as to produce economic value

Question 73

The people who make up the workforce of an organization, business sector, or economy

Question 74

The practices and representations of artifacts, objects, and cultural spaces

Question 75

The lending of small amounts of money at low interest to new businesses, generally but not exclusively, in the developing world. Also known as or micro credit

Question 76

The world's stock of natural resources, which includes geology, soils, air, water, and all living organisms

Question 77

Resources that take millions of years to form and cannot be renewed in a human lifetime

Question 78

The ability to use power in support of political or economic positions

Question 79

The part of an economy that invests in profit-making businesses, such as hotel accommodations, restaurants, and entertainment (private industries)

Question 80

The part of an economy that is under government control, financed through tax revenue, and provides services for all members of society (public services)