Deck 9: A Strategic Planning Process SPP Model for the Not-For-Profit Sector

Question 1

Not-for-profit organizations do not focus on making profit, and hence they are not granted tax exempt status.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

NPOs do not usually get engaged in the strategic planning process, because they have no sense of competition and "thinking strategically" is not part of the NPOs' culture.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The NPO sector represents an ever-growing segment of the U.S. economy.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Since all organizations are influenced to a degree or another by public authority, all of them can be seen as public.

Question 5

Third sector is also known as for-profit service organizations.

Question 6

Publicness stems from markets that are composed of no oversight bodies.

Question 7

For private organizations, political influence is often indirect.

Question 8

Citizens often act as owners of public sector and impose their expectations about the organization's activities.

Question 9

With respect to goals, private sector is related to equity dominant concern.

Question 10

In the third sector, agency management is not exercised within an authority structure.

Question 11

Fundraising plans are required as official papers under "Organizational Capacity Documents" to conduct environmental assessments for not-for-profit organizations.

Question 12

Board roster and details on committee structure are included in the "Leadership Documents."

Question 13

Organizations have less coercive power when the use of their service is optional and funded in part by governmental agencies.

Question 14

Private organizations have a broader scope of impact and deal with a greater variety of concerns than public organizations.

Question 15

Third sector organizations have more limited view of societal concerns than public organizations and far broader than that of private organizations.

Question 16

As publicness increases, the prospect of scrutiny decreases.

Question 17

Strategy devised in the face of public scrutiny must be developed using different procedures than those used in private.

Question 18

Strategy-making is a political process and not a formative process. Hence, more opportunity for participation is essential.

Question 19

Publicness increases as the notion of communal ownership increases.

Question 20

Strategy development in a ubiquitously owned entity is different from that of an organization in which owners are stockholders or families.

Question 21

Strategies in public and third sector organizations often tend to be more proactive.

Question 22

Equity in dealing with clients and provision of services is more important than efficiency in public organizations similar to private organizations.

Question 23

Autonomy and flexibility are generally higher in public organizations.

Question 24

For-profit sector faces the "scheduled interruptions" that leads to cautiousness, inflexibility, and low rates of innovation.

Question 25

The more public the organization, the greater the ambiguity in specifying goals.

Question 26

_____________ is an organization that usually supports a particular social cause.

A) Not-for-profit organization
B) Profit based organization
C) Financial institutions
D) Public organization

Question 27

_________ is a state owned organization, and therefore the government controls it.

A) Not-for-profit organization
B) Profit based organization
C) Public organization
D) Private organization

Question 28

Organizations in __________ perform the social duty, and they are neither for profit nor governmental organizations.

A) Financial institutions
B) Public agencies
C) Third sector
D) Public sector

Question 29

Which of the following is not an example of third sector organization?

A) Banks
B) Charities
C) Public libraries
D) Welfare agencies

Question 30

Which of the following factors can pose constraints for public organizations that would limit their autonomy and flexibility?

A) Legal mandates
B) Obligations of a charter
C) Traditions
D) All of the above

Question 31

The following are major incentives related to public sector except __________.

A) Job security
B) Power
C) Recognition
D) Financial

Question 32

In the third sector, market is made up of __________.

A) Oversight bodies
B) Oversight bodies and buying behavior of clients
C) People's buying behavior
D) Regulatory rules

Question 33

In the private sector, financing needs are met by __________.

A) Borrowings only
B) Fees and charges
C) Combination of budget allocations and service charges/ taxing authority
D) Budget allocations (free services)

Question 34

In terms of performance expectations, public sector companies have __________.

A) Action taking many interpretations regarding urgency until a consensual view emerges
B) Clear and fixed for long time periods
C) Vague and in constant flux, changing with elections and political appointments
D) None of the above

Question 35

The "Build By-in" aspect explains which of the following keys to effective planning based on the Blue Door Group's lessons from implementing interactive planning model __________.

A) Organizations are required to dream big and imagine the ideal future.
B) Strategic planning process itself can be an opportunity to close the gap through empowering staff to give feedback and take actions.
C) Engaging various stakeholders (staff, customers, vendors, board, etc.) at all levels in the planning process would help in lessening the resistance.
D) A plan needs to be adaptable and constantly open to revision in this rapidly changing environment.

Question 36

Types of documents required to conduct environmental assessments for NPOs include all except __________.

A) Mission-related Documents
B) CSR document
C) Organizational Capacity Documents
D) Leadership Documents

Question 37

"Mission-related Documents" required to conduct environmental assessments for not-for-profit organizations include __________.
(i) Previous evaluation designs and results;
(ii) Annual plans;
(iii) Program descriptions/work plans;
(iv) Mission, vision, value statements;
(v) Previous organizational effectiveness surveys and/or climate surveys.

A) (i) and (ii) only
B) (i), (ii) and (iii) only
C) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) only
D) (i), (ii), (iii), and (v) only
E) All of the above

Question 38

"Financial Documents" required to conduct environmental assessments for not-for-profit organizations include __________.

A) Budgets and audits
B) Current strategic plan
C) Previous evaluation designs and results
D) None of the above

Question 39

Volunteer management plans, information technology plans, and personnel policies are documents included in __________.

A) Mission-related Documents
B) Financial Documents
C) Organizational Capacity Documents
D) Leadership Documents

Question 40

"Leadership Documents" required to conduct environmental assessments for not-for-profit organizations include __________.

A) Details on existing leadership development activities
B) Information on senior team membership backgrounds
C) (a) and (b)
D) None of the above

Question 41

In strategy-making process, the political aspects of the process take on more importance in __________.

A) Private organization
B) Public organizations
C) Non-governmental organization
D) Third sector

Question 42

Strategic planning in _________ and _________ sectors creates a complex web of transactions.

A) Private and third
B) Private and public
C) Public and for-profit
D) Public and third

Question 43

A law requiring certain proceedings of government agencies to be open or available to the public _________.

A) Sunshine laws
B) Sunset laws
C) Public laws
D) Private laws

Question 44

In public organizations, politics involves _________.

A) Managing many stakeholders external to the organization that either control or influence needed sources of money.
B) People who control or influence the needed sources of money.
C) People whose support is essential to the existence.
D) All of the above

Question 45

Who can have an ownership stake in public organizations?

A) Government employees
B) Family members
C) Senior citizens of the country
D) Everyone

Question 46

Private organizations have _________ implied obligations, and people tend to place ___________ demands on them.

A) Many, fewer
B) Fewer, many
C) Fewer, fewer
D) Many, many

Question 47

In private organizations, _______ is a dominant concern.

A) Equity
B) Efficiency
C) Equity and efficiency
D) Equity and effectiveness

Question 48

_________ provide a picture of the desired future state of the organization, giving concrete cues upon which to build action.

A) Goals
B) Objectives
C) Aims
D) Ideals

Question 49

"Ideals" indicate best- and worst-case situations that describe _________.

A) Customers, competitors, suppliers and objectives
B) Clients, programs, reputation, and competence
C) Clients, competence, and suppliers
D) Programs, reputation, and competitors
E) None of the above

Question 50

"Many factors that are external to an organization contribute to its publicness." Comment and elaborate with examples.

Question 51

Since the market includes different types of organizations, does this mean that the organizations should also vary in handling the strategic planning process? How and why?

Question 52

"Competitive models of strategic management have little use in organizations with significant degrees of publicness. Instead, a strategy should be sought which enhances cooperation and collaboration." Comment and compare with the previous statement.

Question 53

Since public organizations are more dependent on the power of influence than private organizations, does this expose them to lobbyists and corruption? What do you think?

Question 54

If you were to own a business, how would you classify it in terms of the type? Explain your strategic thought behind this choice.

Question 55

Which key factor sets apart public organizations from private ones pertaining to internal processes? Elaborate with examples.

Question 56

Generally, all organizations have public features of some kind. Does that mean we can duplicate the SPP of public organizations to any other kind of organization?