Deck 9: The Emergence of Culture in Early Hominid Societies in the Old World

Question 1

Glacial conditions were present throughout the Paleolithic / Stone Age.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Permafrost is permanently frozen ground beneath surface sediments.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Woolly mammoth, woolly rhinoceros, musk ox, steppe bison, reindeer and wild horse are cold loving, migratory herbivores.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Groups in the Paleolithic / Stone Age were hunter-gatherers and farmers.

Question 5

Stone artifacts at Gona and Lokalalei shows an understanding of stone working technology by early hominids.

Question 6

Early hominids in East Africa consistently and successfully hunted a range of large animals.

Question 7

Hand axes are found throughout the Old World.

Question 8

Humans were responsible for all the bone accumulations at Zhoukoudien.

Question 9

Stone tool cut marks on bone and animal gnaw marks on bone are identical.

Question 10

Evidence at Gran Dolina, Atapuerca, indicates dietary cannibalism 750 kyr ago.

Question 11

There is undisputable evidence for huts at Terra Amata, France.

Question 12

Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age groups did not make stone blades, microliths, or bone tools

Question 13

The Neandertal diet consisted primarily of plant foods.

Question 14

Ochre has been found at many Middle Paleolithic / Middle Stone Age sites.

Question 15

Modern humans had reached all parts of the World by 10 kyr ago.

Question 16

The behavioral changes that occurred in the Upper Paleolithic / Late Stone Age can only be explained by the appearance of fully fledged language.

Question 17

Blade tool manufacture was a defining characteristic of all modern human tool kits.

Question 18

Flint mining did not occur in the Paleolithic.

Question 19

'Venus' figurines were not all symbols of fertility.

Question 20

Cave art is found only in the deep interior of caves.

Question 21

The period between 2.3 myr and 11.5 kyr ago is known as

A) the Holocene
B) the Pleistocene
C) the Miocene
D) the Pliocene

Question 22

Paleolithic is

A) an archaeological term
B) a biological term
C) a geological term
D) an anatomical term

Question 23

The earliest evidence for hominid activity is in

A) the USA
B) East Africa
C) Europe
D) Asia

Question 24

Oldowan / Mode I technology refers to

A) Mary Leakey
B) Olduvai Gorge
C) earliest stone tools
D) hand axes

Question 25

The patterning of materials at an archaeological site may be affected by

A) erosional forces that move sediments
B) animal activity
C) later human activity on the site
D) all of the previous actions

Question 26

Evidence from South African caves indicates that Australopithecines

A) hunted large animals successfully
B) hunted and ate other Australopithecines
C) ate only plant foods
D) were themselves the prey of large cats

Question 27

Raymond Dart's proposed osteodontokeratic tool kit included

A) stones, bones and wooden tools
B) hand axes and flakes
C) bones, teeth and horn tools
D) metal tools

Question 28

Acheulian

A) is a Lower Paleolithic site in France
B) refers to Neandertal tool kits
C) refers to stone tool kits with hand axes
D) is a hand axe

Question 29

Steppe tundra environments of glacial periods supported

A) year round plant resources
B) large forests
C) few animals
D) herds of large herbivores

Question 30

Levallois is a

A) site in Africa
B) characteristic tool technique associated with Neandertals
C) characteristic tool technique associated with modern humans
D) characteristic tool technique of the Lower Paleolithic

Question 31

Variability in Middle Paleolithic stone tool kits may due to

A) ethnic differences
B) the nature of tasks undertaken
C) change through time
D) a combination of factors

Question 32

Middle Paleolithic/Middle Stone Age groups

A) never buried their dead
B) practiced cremation
C) buried all of their dead with grave goods
D) buried some of their dead

Question 33

Changes in cultural behavior in the Upper Paleolithic/Late Stone Age included

A) use of bone, antler and ivory tools
B) definite structures
C) clear symbolic activity
D) all of the previous

Question 34

Aurignacian is

A) the tool kit associated with Neandertals
B) a site in eastern Europe
C) the tool kit associated with the earliest Upper Paleolithic groups in Europe.
D) the tool kit associated with the final Upper Paleolithic groups in Europe.

Question 35

Late Stone Age (LSA) groups in South Africa

A) favored eland above other species
B) hunted Cape buffalo and bushpig more often than Middle Stone Age (MSA) groups
C) hunted mammoth
D) did not hunt

Question 36

Evidence for the exploitation of underground tubers at Wadi Kubbaniya demonstrates

A) reliance on plant foods
B) mastery of processing techniques to remove noxious toxins
C) inability to hunt
D) preference for tubers over fish

Question 37

On the Eastern European plains people constructed mammoth bone structures because

A) it was easy
B) mammoth were held in high esteem
C) mammoth bones were readily available and there was little wood
D) mammoth bones are easier to build with than wood

Question 38

Child burials at Sungir are important because

A) two children were buried together
B) they were sacrifices
C) the grave goods suggest inherited status
D) they were related to the older man

Question 39

In order to get to Australia people had to

A) walk a long way
B) take one long sea journey
C) take a number of sea journeys
D) be good swimmers

Question 40

How did climate change during the Paleolithic affect plant and animal populations?

Question 41

Stones and animal bones are crucial to the study of the Lower Paleolithic. Why?

Question 42

What is taphonomy?

Question 43

Evaluate the evidence for the controlled use of fire by pre-modern humans.

Question 44

What are handaxes and what function did they serve?

Question 45

How have archaeologists interpreted variation in Middle Paleolithic stone tool kits?

Question 46

How do tool kits of the Upper Paleolithic people in Eurasia differ from their Middle Paleolithic predecessors?

Question 47

Why is Ohalo II an important site?

Question 48

Consider the evidence for structures in the Upper Paleolithic.

Question 49

What factors affected the peopling of Australia?

Question 50

Discuss and evaluate the evidence for subsistence strategies in the Lower Paleolithic and Early Stone Age.

Question 51

Why is Atapuerca an important site for Lower Paleolithic studies?

Question 52

Compare and contrast the subsistence strategies of the Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age with those of the Upper Paleolithic and Late Stone Age.

Question 53

Did the emergence of modern humans herald a revolutionary change in hominid behaviour?

Question 54

Assess the interpretations of Paleolithic art.