Deck 2: An Introduction to Global Politics: Change and Continuity

Question 1

What statesman declared, "An appeaser is one who feeds a crocodile, hoping it will eat him last"?

A) Neville Chamberlain.
B) Winston Churchill.
C) Franklin Roosevelt.
D) Harry Truman.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What is meant by "bounded rationality"?

A) Leaders choose the best of all alternatives.
B) Leaders choose the best of all known alternatives.
C) Leaders make decisions based on passions and personal whims.
D) Leaders do not weigh costs and benefits in making decisions.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following wrote: "I put for a general inclination of all mankind a perpetual and restless desire of power after power that ceases only in death"?

A) John Locke.
B) Immanuel Kant.
C) William Gladstone.
D) Thomas Hobbes.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What of the following would be studied at the unit level of analysis?

A) The psychoses of leaders.
B) The distribution of states' attitudes.
C) Foreign-policy making in France.
D) The global distribution of nuclear weapons.

Question 5

Which of the following in part of the "Kantian Triangle"?

A) Human nature.
B) Disarmament.
C) Economic interdependence.
D) Religious and ethnic extremism.

Question 6

What group of scholars, including Hedley Bull, argue that there exists a genuine international society of states?

A) The English School
B) Neoliberalism.
C) Neorealism.
D) Marxism.

Question 7

Which of the following characterizes "international regimes"?

A) Principles.
B) Rules.
C) Norms.
D) All of the above.

Question 8

Which scholar is known as an "offensive realist"?

A) Kenneth Waltz.
B) George Modelski.
C) John Mearsheimer.
D) Robert Keohane.

Question 9

Which type of theory makes use of "correlations" and "probabilities"?

A) Predictive theory.
B) Postmodern theory.
C) Normative theory.
D) Explanatory theory.

Question 10

What do we call a perspective or model of global politics in which states are the source of all important activities?

A) Unit-oriented.
B) State-centric.
C) Sovereign-free.
D) The national-interest perspective.

Question 11

What do we call interactions among nongovernmental groups in several societies?

A) International.
B) Transnational.
C) Subnational.
D) Supranational.

Question 12

Which of the following believed that "education" could end warfare?

A) Richard Cobden.
B) John Stuart Mill.
C) John Locke.
D) Niccolò Machiavelli.

Question 13

Which of the following schools of thought regard "agents" and "structure" as equally important?

A) Liberals.
B) Realists.
C) Marxists.
D) Constructivists.

Question 14

What great historian sought to identify the causes and consequences of war "for eternity"?

A) Herodotus.
B) Livy.
C) Guicciardini.
D) Thucydides.

Question 15

What is an analytic device that is used to differentiate parts and wholes in global politics?

A) Top-down analysis.
B) Holistic approach.
C) Mereology.
D) Levels of analysis.

Question 16

What do we call the assumption that leaders choose the best of all alternatives in making policy based on comparing costs and benefits?

A) Intelligence.
B) Logic.
C) Rationality.
D) Wisdom.

Question 17

Which of the following is not an impediment to rationality?

A) There is a need to form governing coalitions, often including individuals with divergent views.
B) There is agreement among decision-makers on key issues.
C) Inconsistencies grow as different factions come to power over time.
D) Divergent and inconsistent bureaucratic interests and perspectives influence decisions.

Question 18

Which level of analysis focuses on decision-making agencies?

A) Individual.
B) Unit.
C) Regional.
D) System.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of an "emergent property"?

A) The absence of hot war between the US and Soviet Union.
B) The decision of President Roosevelt to declare war on Japan in 1941.
C) The persistence of President Bush in carrying on the war in Iraq.
D) The State Department's propensity to favor diplomacy over military action.

Question 20

What do we mean when we call theory "strategic simplification"?

A) Theory provides detailed understanding of specific events.
B) Theory only points to factors that theorists believe are important.
C) Theory is especially helpful in clarifying the causes of war.
D) Theory is only necessary for understanding reasonably simple problems.

Question 21

What do we call theory that depends on the observations of facts?

A) Prescriptive.
B) Normative.
C) Postpositivist.
D) Empirical.

Question 22

What kind of theory is Newton's theory of gravity?

A) Predictive.
B) Explanatory.
C) Normative.
D) Prescriptive.

Question 23

What do we call theory that deals with questions of "right" and "wrong"?

A) Prescriptive.
B) Normative.
C) Postpositivist.
D) Empirical.

Question 24

What is meant by "methodology"?

A) Rules and procedures to build good theory and evaluate its accuracy.
B) The manner in which theorists predict events.
C) The assumptions that theorists make in approaching a problem.
D) The quantitative tools available to scientists in theorizing about global politics.

Question 25

Who were the main contestants in what we call the first great debate in international relations?

A) Positivists and postpositivists.
B) Traditionalists and scientists.
C) Realists and idealists.
D) Liberals and neoliberals.

Question 26

Which of the following is not a key concept in realist thought?

A) Relative gains.
B) Power.
C) International organizations.
D) Security.

Question 27

With which theoretical school would the author of the following quotation be associated? "[I]t is exactly the concept of interest defined in terms of power that saves us from both that moral excess and that political folly."

A) Liberalism.
B) Realism.
C) Constructivism.
D) Marxism.

Question 28

Which of the following was a pioneer of realism?

A) John Locke.
B) Adam Smith.
C) Niccolo Machiavelli.
D) John Stuart Mill.

Question 29

According to realists what mechanism comes into play if one country or group of countries seeks world domination?

A) Diplomacy.
B) Preemptive war.
C) Balance of power.
D) Arms races.

Question 30

Which of the following do neorealists believe is the key determinant of behavior in global politics?

A) Distribution of power.
B) Ideology of leaders.
C) Aims of bureaucracies.
D) A country's economic system.

Question 31

Which of the following do realists regard as "utopian"?

A) Alliances.
B) Armaments.
C) International law.
D) Anarchy.

Question 32

Who wrote The Twenty Years' Crisis, 1919-1939?

A) E. H. Carr.
B) Hans J. Morgenthau.
C) John Mearsheimer.
D) Kenneth N. Waltz.

Question 33

Who is regarded as America's most influential neorealist?

A) E. H. Carr.
B) Hans J. Morgenthau.
C) John Mearsheimer.
D) Kenneth N. Waltz.

Question 34

According to neorealists, what is the major reason for conflict in global politics?

A) The desire for power that is central to human nature.
B) The unequal global distribution of wealth.
C) The existence of non-democratic states in the global system.
D) An absence of trust owing to anarchy.

Question 35

On which level(s) of analysis do liberals focus?

A) System.
B) Individual and system.
C) Individual and unit.
D) Unit and system.

Question 36

Who was America's leading interventionist liberal?

A) Theodore Roosevelt.
B) Woodrow Wilson.
C) Herbert Hoover.
D) Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Question 37

Which was the most important and durable of Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points?

A) Freedom of the seas.
B) A league of nations.
C) National self-determination.
D) The return of Alsace-Lorraine to France.

Question 38

What is the most important value underlying liberalism?

A) Justice.
B) Power.
C) Equality.
D) Security.

Question 39

What is the most important unit of analysis Marxism?

A) States.
B) Individuals.
C) Classes.
D) Armed forces.

Question 40

Which of the following do neoliberals regard as especially important in global politics?

A) Labor unions.
B) State bureaucracies.
C) Armed forces.
D) International organizations.

Question 41

What type of institutions do neoliberals believe can provide guidelines, norms, and rules that are acceptable to states and allow the orderly management of particular issues?

A) International regimes.
B) Nongovernmental organizations.
C) Alliances.
D) Transnational corporations.

Question 42

Which of the following was a pioneer of the behavioral revolution in global politics?

A) J. David Singer.
B) Hedley Bull.
C) Hans Morgenthau.
D) Kenneth Waltz.

Question 43

Which of the following resulted from the behavioral revolution in the study of international relations?

A) Abandoning the study of states as the central task of the field.
B) Turning from a focus on the role of power to a focus on norms.
C) The rigid separation of empirical and normative theory.
D) Less reliance on empirical methods.

Question 44

What type of theory involves recommending what policy will achieve desired goals?

A) Prescriptive.
B) Normative.
C) Empirical.
D) Predictive.

Question 45

What theoretical approach emphasizes how identities shape interests?

A) Realism.
B) Liberalism.
C) Marxism.
D) Constructivism.

Question 46

Who coined the term "The Third Debate"?

A) Alexander Wendt.
B) Yosef Lapid.
C) Robert Keohane.
D) Richard K. Ashley.

Question 47

What is the central issue involved in the "Third Debate"?

A) Whether or not one can identify patterned behavior in global politics.
B) Whether or not history is cyclical or linear.
C) Whether or not leaders can behave in a moral fashion.
D) Whether or not there is an objective reality that can be observed.

Question 48

What is the meaning of the claim that "Theory is always for someone, and for some purpose"?

A) The pursuit of power in global politics is immoral.
B) Morality underlies all human behavior in the global system.
C) Language and theory are forms of power in global politics.
D) It is difficult to achieve theoretical consensus about the causes of conflict.

Question 49

What do we call those who believe that that there are no truths and that what is right or wrong varies from person to person or from society to society?

A) Relativists.
B) Positivists.
C) Constructivists.
D) Neoliberals.

Question 50

What are extreme postpositivists called?

A) Constructivists.
B) Postmodernists.
C) Reflexivists.
D) Postcolonial theorists.