Deck 3: Atomic Structure and Properties

Question 1

John Dalton developed the idea that all matter was composed of solid indivisible atoms. As a result in any equation, the mass of the products is equal to the mass of ____________

Answer 1

reactants

Question 2

The results of Rutherford's experiment which fired $\alpha$ -particles at a thin metal film were? Please select all that apply.

A) All the $\alpha$ -particles passed straight through.
B) Most of the $\alpha$ -particles passed straight through with only minor reflections.
C) A small number of $\alpha$ -particles were deflected through angles greater than 90°.
D) All of the $\alpha$ -particles were deflected through angles greater than 90°.

Answer 2

Most of the $\alpha$ -particles passed straight through with only minor reflections.
A small number of $\alpha$ -particles were deflected through angles greater than 90°.

Question 3

The frequency of radiation used in a typical microwave oven is 1.00 * 10¹¹ Hz. What is the energy of a mole of microwave photons with this frequency?

A) 39.9 J mol^-1
B) 3.99 J mol^-1
C) 399 J mol^-1
D) 0.39 J mol^-1

Answer 3

39.9 J mol^-1

Question 4

Window glass blocks out short wavelength energetic photons but allows the longer wavelength, lower energy photons in the visible and infrared region to pass through. This process means that the following statements can be paired together.
-The cancer charities advise people to stay inside during the hottest part of the day because

A) skin-damaging, short wavelength, UV radiation is most abundant during the hottest part of the day. UV radiation cannot penetrate buildings, even through the windows
B) the infrared radiation heats the molecules in the curtain and not the air molecules in the room
C) the glass lets through the visible light which the plants need for photosynthesis
D) the abundant infrared radiation passes into the greenhouse rapidly heating the air inside

Question 5

Window glass blocks out short wavelength energetic photons but allows the longer wavelength, lower energy photons in the visible and infrared region to pass through. This process means that the following statements can be paired together.
-Closing the curtains in a house keeps the room cooler because

A) skin-damaging, short wavelength, UV radiation is most abundant during the hottest part of the day. UV radiation cannot penetrate buildings, even through the windows
B) the infrared radiation heats the molecules in the curtain and not the air molecules in the room
C) the glass lets through the visible light which the plants need for photosynthesis
D) the abundant infrared radiation passes into the greenhouse rapidly heating the air inside

Question 6

Window glass blocks out short wavelength energetic photons but allows the longer wavelength, lower energy photons in the visible and infrared region to pass through. This process means that the following statements can be paired together.
-Keen gardeners use a greenhouse to help their plants grow because

A) skin-damaging, short wavelength, UV radiation is most abundant during the hottest part of the day. UV radiation cannot penetrate buildings, even through the windows
B) the infrared radiation heats the molecules in the curtain and not the air molecules in the room
C) the glass lets through the visible light which the plants need for photosynthesis
D) the abundant infrared radiation passes into the greenhouse rapidly heating the air inside

Question 7

Window glass blocks out short wavelength energetic photons but allows the longer wavelength, lower energy photons in the visible and infrared region to pass through. This process means that the following statements can be paired together.
-In high summer, plants often wither and die in a greenhouse because

A) skin-damaging, short wavelength, UV radiation is most abundant during the hottest part of the day. UV radiation cannot penetrate buildings, even through the windows
B) the infrared radiation heats the molecules in the curtain and not the air molecules in the room
C) the glass lets through the visible light which the plants need for photosynthesis
D) the abundant infrared radiation passes into the greenhouse rapidly heating the air inside

Question 8

Given that the work function for an aluminium surface is 5.66 *10^-19 J, determine what wavelength of radiation will be required to eject an electron from the surface?

A) 652 nm
B) 217 nm
C) 455 nm
D) 351 nm

Question 9

In Thomas Young's experiment when he passed light through two closely placed slits, it gave an interference pattern. This evidence suggests that light behaves as a particle.

Question 10

A line from the Pfund series has the frequency 8.02 * 10¹³ Hz. What value of n₂ generates this line in the spectrum?

A) 5
B) 6
C) 7
D) 8

Question 11

Metals and metal compounds are added to gunpowder to produce the colours given in fireworks. The intense white light produced is by the metals aluminium, magnesium and ____________

Question 12

An emission spectrum consists of dark lines on a bright background.

Question 13

An electron is travelling with a wavelength of 246 pm, what is its velocity?

A) 2.16 * 10⁶ m s^-1
B) 1.96 *10⁶ m s^-1
C) 2.96 * 10⁶ m s^-1
D) 2.96 *10⁷ m s^-1

Question 14

As objects such as electrons have wave-like properties, this property leads to uncertainties in which of the following quantities? Please select all that apply.

A) p (momentum)
B) m (mass)
C) q (position)°
D) h (Planck's constant)

Question 15

Heisenberg stated that due to the wave properties of an electron, it is impossible to know their precise _________ and momentum simultaneously.

Question 16

It is not possible to define a region that contains the entire wavefunction.

Question 17

Match the type of orbital defined by the quantum numbers given in questions (a) to (d) in the left column, to the answers given in the right column.
-n equals 2, l equals 3

A) 4d orbital
B) value of n not allowed
C) 5f orbital
D) value of l not allowed for this value of n

Question 18

Match the type of orbital defined by the quantum numbers given in questions (a) to (d) in the left column, to the answers given in the right column.
-n equals 4, l equals 2

A) 4d orbital
B) value of n not allowed
C) 5f orbital
D) value of l not allowed for this value of n

Question 19

Match the type of orbital defined by the quantum numbers given in questions (a) to (d) in the left column, to the answers given in the right column.
-n equals 0, l equals 0

A) 4d orbital
B) value of n not allowed
C) 5f orbital
D) value of l not allowed for this value of n

Question 20

Match the type of orbital defined by the quantum numbers given in questions (a) to (d) in the left column, to the answers given in the right column.
-n equals 5, l equals 3

A) 4d orbital
B) value of n not allowed
C) 5f orbital
D) value of l not allowed for this value of n

Question 21

The point at which the wavefunction is zero is known as a __ ?

A) node
B) zeropoint
C) orbital
D) minimum

Question 22

How many orbitals are defined for the shell where n = 3?

A) 9
B) 1
C) 4
D) 16

Question 23

The d_z2 orbital is a different shape to all the other d orbitals because it is really the combination of two orbitals, meaning there are six solutions and not five to the Schrödinger equation for n = 2.

Question 24

The f⁷ configuration has particular stability due to the _______ energy

Question 25

Which of the following concepts are required to determine the ground state electronic configuration of the nitrogen atom? Please select all that apply.

A) Aufbau Principle
B) Schrodinger Equation
C) Pauli Exclusion Principle
D) Hund's Rule

Question 26

What is the electronic configuration of the nitride, N^3- ion? Is this ion paramagnetic?

A) N^3- 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ and paramagnetic
B) N^3- 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ and diamagnetic
C) N^3- 1s² 2s² 2p⁵ and paramagnetic
D) N^3- 1s² 2s² 2p⁵ and diamagnetic

Question 27

The anion of a non metal is smaller than the corresponding neutral species.

Question 28

Use Slater's rules to determine the relative sizes of N, O and F atoms.

A) F > O > N
B) N > F > O
C) F < O < N
D) O > F > N

Question 29

Match the first ionization enthalpy with the appropriate element of the first period.
-1402 kJ mol^-1

A) N
B) Li
C) Ne
D) O

Question 30

Match the first ionization enthalpy with the appropriate element of the first period.
-520 kJ mol^-1

A) N
B) Li
C) Ne
D) O

Question 31

Match the first ionization enthalpy with the appropriate element of the first period.
-2081 kJ mol^-1

A) N
B) Li
C) Ne
D) O

Question 32

Match the first ionization enthalpy with the appropriate element of the first period.
-1314 kJ mol^-1

A) N
B) Li
C) Ne
D) O

Question 33

The ionization enthalpy of the group 1 elements _______ down the group?

Question 34

The half life or a radioactive element depends on the number of nuclei at the start.