Question 1

Who said that life in the state of nature was 'solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short'?&#10;A) John Locke&#10;B) Jean-Jacques Rousseau&#10;C) John Rawls&#10;D) Thomas Hobbes

Accepted Answer

Thomas Hobbes famously said this phrase in his book Leviathan, in which he describes the state of nature as a state of war where life is characterized by chaos, violence, and insecurity. He believed that individuals in a state of nature would only pursue their self-interest and that this would lead to conflict and anarchy. Therefore, he argued that a strong government was necessary to maintain order and ensure stability.

Question 2

Which of the following political thinkers are utilitarian?&#10;Please select all that apply.&#10;A) Jeremy Bentham&#10;B) John Locke&#10;C) John Stuart Mill&#10;D) Thomas Hobbes

Accepted Answer

A, C, D

Question 3

Which philosopher did Marx criticise for seeking to explain the world rather than change it?&#10;A) Hegel&#10;B) Jean-Jacques Rousseau&#10;C) Thomas Hobbes&#10;D) Thomas Hobbes

Accepted Answer

Marx criticized Hegel for seeking only to explain the world, rather than advocating for practical solutions to social problems. Marx believed that philosophy should not simply interpret the world, but should also aim to change it through practical action.

Question 4

Which political theory seeks to re-establish the state as an institution with a role to play in uniting society around a specific set of values?&#10;A) Marxism&#10;B) Liberalism&#10;C) Utilitarianism&#10;D) Communitarianism

Accepted Answer

Communitarianism seeks to re-establish the state as an institution with a role to play in uniting society around a specific set of values. It emphasizes the importance of community, shared values, and social responsibility over individual rights and freedoms. Marxism, liberalism, and utilitarianism prioritize individual rights and freedoms over the role of the state in uniting society.

Deck 1: Politics and the State