Deck 4: Biological Bases of Behaviour

Question 1

The text highlighted four major lessons drawn from Darwin's theory of evolution that were applied to psychology, which included all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Individual differences are often meaningful
B) Only human beings have a language faculty
C) Psychological theories could be informed by biology
D) Non-human models could inform the understanding of human psychology
E) Heredity has an important influence over human behaviour

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Twins that are formed from the same fertilised egg that splits into two are called:

A) Divergent
B) Fraternal
C) Dizygotic
D) Monozygotic
E) Convergent

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A toddler is genetically predisposed to aggressive outbursts, leading peers to avoid her. Plomin (1990) terms this type of covariation in which genetic endowment influences environment:

A) Passive
B) Reactive
C) Active
D) Didactic
E) Ambivalent/

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Heritability refers to:

A) The extent to which genetic factors are responsible for the variation of a characteristic in a given population.
B) Only characteristics that are inherited.
C) The degree to which characteristics are innate.
D) How much we can attribute behaviour to the genes.
E) Anything that refers to the genes over the environment.

Question 5

The somatic nervous system controls the voluntary movements of skeletal muscles and is part of which of the following nervous systems?

A) Central
B) Autonomic
C) Peripheral
D) Bifurcated
E) Unsympathetic

Question 6

Which of these is the sympathetic branch of the ANS NOT responsible for?

A) Increased heart rate
B) Increased activity within the stomach
C) pupil dilation
D) relaxation of the bronchi of the lungs
E) fight or flight'

Question 7

The parasympathetic nervous system produces all of the following responses EXCEPT:

A) Metabolic energy savings
B) Decreased heart rate
C) Promotion of digestion
D) Pupil dilation
E) Constriction of bronchi of the lungs

Question 8

The forebrain is comprised of all of these parts EXCEPT:

A) Cerebrum
B) Limbic system
C) Cerebellum
D) Thalamus
E) Hypothalamus

Question 9

The function of the cerebellum is:

A) Processing of emotion
B) Processing of auditory information
C) Fine control of balance and bodily coordination
D) Control of higher order thinking
E) Visual prcoessing

Question 10

The primary motor cortex is located within this area, the:

A) Parietal
B) Temporal
C) Occipital
D) Frontal
E) Somatosensory

Question 11

More of the brain is devoted to which form of processing than any other?

A) Auditory
B) Visual
C) Somatosensory
D) Motor
E) Language

Question 12

Hemispheric lateralisation refers to the idea that:

A) Different parts of the brain have different physical and psychological functions
B) The brain is a unified and integrated system.
C) The different lobes have different functions.
D) The cerebral hemispheres are the most important parts of the brain.
E) The left and right hemispheres differ in their functioning to some extent.

Question 13

For 85% of the population language is based:

A) Across both hemispheres
B) In the right hemisphere
C) In the left hemisphere
D) In the occipital lobe
E) In the parietal lobe

Question 14

In split-brain patients which area of their brain has been cut?

A) Corpus callosum
B) Wernicke's
C) Broca's
D) Cerebellum
E) Cerebrum

Question 15

Gazzaniga et al. (2009) argued that split-brain patients have:

A) Direct communication between two hemispheres
B) Two conscious systems
C) A so-called "interpreter" in the right-hemisphere
D) The subjective feeling that they have two selves
E) A single conscious system

Question 16

FMRI most commonly measures which of the following signals?

A) Action potentials
B) Radioactive tracers
C) BOLD
D) Heat
E) Brain waves

Question 17

FMRI utilises scanners that contain which of the following that can weigh up to 11 tons?

A) Endoscopes
B) Lasers
C) Radioactive elements
D) Magnets
E) Mercury immersion tanks

Question 18

The "P" from the "ERP" technique for measuring brain activity stands for which of the following?

A) Positrons
B) Photoreceptors
C) Psychometrics
D) Potentials
E) Phrenology

Question 19

The term used to criticise the view that brain scans provide direct evidence about physiological processes is:

A) Biologisation of Psychology
B) Pseudoscience
C) Neuroenchantment
D) Neuroscience
E) Medicalisation of Psychology