Deck 7: Urbanization and Megaregions in the Developing World

Question 1

Which of the following terms is used to describe an individual, large city in a developing country with an unbalanced pattern of urbanization across the rest of the country?

A) Megaregion
B) Primate city
C) MCMR
D) Export City

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The urbanization patterns seen in cities in developing countries are influenced largely by the legacy of what?

A) Colonialism
B) Cultural differentialism
C) Isolationism
D) Rural investment

Answer 2

A

Question 3

To what do the authors attribute the formation of squatter and slum settlements in urban areas of the developing world?

A) Global real estate investment in unregulated markets
B) The inability of city governments to plan and provide affordable housing for lower-income residents
C) Cultural preferences for communal housing
D) Answers A and B
E) Answers A and C

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam, about what proportion of housing in the city is in squatter or slum settlements?

A) 5%
B) 15%
C) 25%
D) 35%

Question 5

According to the United Nations, about what fraction of all urban residents across the globe live in slums?

A) One fifth of all urban residents
B) One fourth of all urban residents
C) One third of all urban residents
D) One half of all urban residents

Question 6

According to the United Nations, how has the proportion urban residents living in slums changed between 2000 and 2014?

A) The percent of slum inhabitants has stayed about the same
B) The percent of slum inhabitants has decreased from 39% to 30%
C) The percent of slum inhabitants has increased from 30% to 39%
D) The percent of slum inhabitants has increased from 19% to 29%
E) The percent of slum inhabitants has decreased from 29% to 19%

Question 7

Which of the following is true of social life in slums and shantytowns?

A) Many shantytowns support robust economies within their informal boundaries
B) Some shantytowns include areas of commercial development even real estate investment
C) Some shantytowns have attracted a tourism economy based on curiosity about the way of life in these places
D) Answers A and B
E) Answers B and C

Question 8

Among Abrams typology of squatter settlements, which of the following consists of individuals who operate businesses and often live within the squatter settlement?

A) Owner squatters
B) Squatter tenants
C) Speculator squatters
D) Store or business squatters
E) Semisquatters

Question 9

Which of the following is a good definition for the concept of spaces of exception as described in this chapter?

A) social spaces that are governed by a different set of rules and regulations than the rest of the country; rules that are explicitly designed to attract global capital
B) Social spaces in developing countries where ethnic minorities are granted unique rights protecting their interests
C) Urban spaces in developing countries that have spontaneously developed more rapidly than the expectations of investors and other global observers
D) Urban spaces in developing cities where no national or international governance is applied

Question 10

What is the primary distinction between a Special Administrative Region (SARs) and Special Economic Zones (SEZs)?

A) SARs spread across international boundaries, while SEZs do not
B) SARs are governed by UN conventions, while SEZs are governed by individual foreign powers
C) SARs operate the same as SEZs, but the SARs label is applied to cities in South American countries
D) Like SEZs, SARs are governed by a distinct set of pro-business regulations, but a SAR includes its own mini-constitution, which allows it to operate as a quasi-independent state within a state

Question 11

While Shanghai was the largest metro region in China in 2017 with about 34 million residents, which of these other metro regions in China with a reported population was the largest in 2017?

A) Chengdu
B) Shenzhen
C) Nanjing
D) Hangzhou

Question 12

In 2017, which of the following Chinese cities had the smallest population, with a reported population of 3,815,000 residents in 2017?

A) Guangzhou
B) Wuhan
C) Changchun
D) Hangzhou

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT one of the main MCMR's in China described in the chapter?

A) Liaodong Peninsula (Shenyang-Dalian)
B) Beijing-Tianjin
C) Yangtze River Delta (Nanjing-Shanghai-Hangzhou)
D) Pearl River Delta
E) The Karamay-Urumqi-Turpan Corridor

Question 14

The hukou system in China does what?

A) Prevents rural residents from moving to cities
B) Protects Chinese residents from government surveillance
C) Encourage religious expression in the architecture of public buildings
D) Denies private property rights to wealthy residents

Question 15

The global economic system is increasingly important to the developing nations. Discuss the relationship between the two.

Question 16

How are multicentric metropolitan regions connected to other multicentric metropolitan regions in the global capitalist system? What does this tell us about the relationship between global capitalism, the state, and the real estate sector?

Question 17

Use the sociospatial approach to explain the different roles the state plays in urbanization in China and India. Is the state the reason why slums are so prevalent in India and not in China? Why or why not?

Question 18

China has charted a new course for economic growth and management of urban growth. How was this accomplished? What are the consequences for the development of the urban system?

Question 19

What are some of the important differences in urban development in Latin America, Asia, and Africa? What factors might account for these differences? Which theoretical model (dependency theory, modernization theory, world systems theory, or the sociospatial model) might best explain these differences?

Question 20

Why do some observers consider Dubai an outlier in urbanization in the developing world? Could it be a model of future urbanization for developing nations? Explain.