Deck 3: Attention

Question 1

Attention works like

A) a controller of general perceptual intensity
B) glue that sticks the features of objects together
C) a spotlight that shines on a particular part of the input field
D) Both b and c

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Posner (1980) argued that attention works like

A) a controller of general perceptual intensity
B) a controller of perceptual inhibition
C) glue that sticks the features of objects together
D) a spotlight that shines on a particular part of the input field

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Conway et al. (2001) found that people with a low digit span are

A) more likely to hear their own name on the unattended channel
B) less likely to hear their own name on the unattended channel
C) more likely to hear their own name on the attended channel
D) less likely to hear their own name on the attended channel

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Norman and Shallice (1986) propose that attention is required for situations that

A) demand planning or decision-making
B) contain novel sequences of actions
C) require overcoming a habitual response
D) all of the above (i.e. a + b + c)

Question 5

Norman and Shallice (1986) suggested that the supervisory attentional system (SAS)

A) uses bottom-up activation to bring about goal-directed behaviour
B) uses top-down activation to bring about goal-directed behaviour
C) uses bottom-up activation to bring about stimulus-directed behaviour
D) uses top-down activation to bring about stimulus-directed behaviour

Question 6

Norman and Shallice's (1986) model can explain the Stroop effect by suggesting that

A) the SAS helps the colour schema to overcome the word schema
B) the SAS helps the word schema to overcome the colour schema
C) the SAS strengthens both the word schema and the colour schema
D) the SAS inhibits both the word schema and the colour schema

Question 7

Miyake et al. (2000) found evidence for three types of executive function, which are

A) suppression, shifting, updating
B) suppression, changing, updating
C) inhibition, shifting, renewing
D) inhibition, shifting, updating

Question 8

Strayer and Drews (2007) found that the event related potential (ERP) attentional response to the car in front braking

A) was unaffected by the use of a mobile phone
B) was reduced by 10% by the use of a mobile phone
C) was reduced by 50% by the use of a mobile phone
D) was reduce by 100% by the use of a mobile phone

Question 9

Saling and Phillips (2007) found that the development of automaticity involved

A) a shift in brain activity from sub-cortical areas to cortical areas
B) a shift in brain activity from cortical areas to sub-cortical areas
C) a shift in brain activity from parietal cortex to frontal cortex
D) a shift in brain activity from sub-cortical areas to frontal cortex

Question 10

Beilock et al (2002) found that golfers achieved a better putting performance when

A) focussing their full attention on their arm movements
B) focussing their attention on their shoulder movements
C) focussing their full attention on their shot
D) distracted from focussing their full attention on the shot

Question 11

Treisman and Gelade's (1980) feature integration theory argues that attention acts as

A) a controller of general perceptual intensity
B) a controller of perceptual inhibition
C) glue that sticks the features of objects together
D) a spotlight that shines on a particular part of the field of view

Question 12

Navon (1997) found that incongruence of local/global items

A) interfered with identification of global items
B) interfered with identifying local items
C) interfered with identification of both local and global items
D) did not interefere with identification of any type of item

Question 13

Corbetta and Schulman (2002) found evidence for two separate attention systems which are

A) stimulus-driven and response-driven
B) data-driven and stimulus-driven
C) response-driven and goal-driven
D) stimulus-driven and goal-driven

Question 14

According to Desimone and Duncan (1995), the main characteristic of attention is

A) that it is visual
B) that it is auditory
C) that it is unlimited
D) that it is limited

Question 15

The Stroop task offers an example of

A) interference from controlled processing
B) interference from automatic processing
C) facilitation from controlled processing
D) facilitation from automatic processing

Question 16

Cherry (1953) used dichotic listening to show that input from the unattended ear

A) was processed for perceptual features but not for meaning
B) was processed for meaning but not for perceptual features
C) was processed for both perceptual features and for meaning
D) was not processed in any way

Question 17

Cherry's dichotic listening experiment suggested that the processing bottleneck occurred

A) before perceptual processing
B) between perceptual processing and semantic processing
C) after semantic processing
D) after registration in short-term memory

Question 18

Broadbent's (1958) filter model proposes that selective attention involves

A) no bottleneck
B) several bottlenecks
C) early selection
D) late selection

Question 19

Breakthrough refers to

A) content from the attended channel reaching conscious awareness
B) content from the unattended channel reaching conscious awareness
C) content from the attended channel being ignored
D) content from the unattended channel being ignored

Question 20

Treisman (1960) showed that switching the attended story to the unattended ear

A) had no effect whatsoever on the listener
B) confused and disoriented the listener
C) caused the listener to switch attention to the other ear
D) did not cause the listener to switch attention to the other ear

Question 21

The late selection model of Deutsch and Deutsch (1963) argues that

A) all inputs are analysed for meaning prior to selection
B) no inputs are analysed for meaning prior to selection
C) some inputs are analysed for meaning after selection
D) all inputs are analysed for meaning after selection

Question 22

Broadbent's (1958) filter model proposes that selective attention involves
.

Question 23

Describe the experiments (2) that provide evidence for the Late Selection theory of attention.