Deck 2: Perception

Question 1

The 'template' theory of perception is essentially a development of which theory?

A) Marr's computational theory
B) schema theory
C) Attentional Control Theory
D) evolutionary theory

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Masking studies provide evidence to show that

A) perception remains constant, regardless of changes in visual input
B) any change in visual input disrupts perception
C) gradual changes in visual input can disrupt perception
D) sudden changes in visual input can disrupt perception

Answer 2

D

Question 3

What was Gibson's major criticism of the research supporting the constructivist approach?

A) that they cannot truly explain visual illusions
B) that they relied too much upon artificial conditions
C) that they relied too much on self-report measures
D) that they were reductionist and oversimplified

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Gibson (1979) viewed perception as

A) both and act and a response
B) an act, not a response
C) a response, not an act
D) neither a response nor an act

Question 5

Structurally, the visual system is divided into

A) the ventral and dorsal stream
B) the rostral and caudal stream
C) the higher and lower stream
D) both a and b

Question 6

Auditory localisation is usually described using which three coordinate systems?

A) Azimuth, height, range coordinate
B) Width, height, range coordinate
C) Width, elevation, distance coordinate
D) Azimuth, elevation, distance coordinate

Question 7

Hickok and Poeppel (2007) suggest that the postero-dorsal stream may be

A) a perception for familiarity stream
B) a perception for recognition stream
C) a perception for action stream
D) a perception for memory stream

Question 8

In exploring the environment, the combination of sense of touch with proprioception and kinesthesis is referred to as

A) touch information
B) haptic information
C) tactile information
D) tactual information

Question 9

How do the concepts of "cell assembly" and "parallel distributed processing" help us resolve the problem of "grandmother cell"?

Question 10

Discuss the Constructivist View and contrast it with the Gibsonian View.

Question 11

How do we localize sound (list and define the 3 factors)?

Question 12

According to the constructivist approach, why might one view a concave mask as a normal (convex) face?

A) because it is a familiar face
B) because there are no cues about whether it is hollow
C) because we are used to viewing faces from a front angle
D) because we cannot mentally construct a concave human face

Question 13

Looked but failed to see' (LBFS) accidents can primarily be explained by

A) top-down processes
B) prior driving experience
C) bottom-up processes
D) Gestalt principles

Question 14

What is the name of the Gestalt principle which can be demonstrated using reversible figures?

A) front and back
B) figure and scene
C) figure and ground
D) shape and ground

Question 15

Feature extraction theories are similar to template theories in that

A) they involve matching a template, but only for particular features
B) they involve matching templates, but for whole objects
C) they begin with a template, but break it down into several features
D) they are both bottom-up theories

Question 16

Within the Pandemonium model, what role do demons play at the lowest level of object perception?

A) looking for general patterns and shouting up
B) looking for very simple features and shouting up
C) looking for lots of things at once and shouting up
D) looking for very complex features and shouting up

Question 17

According to Marr (1982), what is the first stage in creating an internal representation of a viewed object?

A) the complete internal representation of the object
B) the 2 1/2 D sketch
C) the 3D sketch
D) the raw primal sketch

Question 18

Parallel distributed processing (PDP) approaches are sometimes referred to as

A) reductionist models
B) combinative models
C) connectionist models
D) associative models

Question 19

According to Gregory (1966), the Muller-Lyer Illusion can be explained by which factor?

A) mis-applied size constancy
B) bottom-up processing
C) mis-applied feature detection
D) implicit knowledge

Question 20

Evidence of non-human species creating visual illusions comes from which activity in bowerbirds?

A) hiding from predators
B) catching prey
C) building nests
D) attracting mates

Question 21

Top-down processing refers to

A) the use of cues to construct internal images
B) creating internal images based solely on the viewed object
C) the use of prior knowledge to construct internal images
D) the use of new knowledge to construct internal images

Question 22

Immanuel Kant proposed which idea about perception?

A) that our perception of the world is whole and complete
B) that we can never know the world as it truly is, only our perception
C) that visual illusions can be explained by Gestalt principles
D) that perception relies solely on 'bottom-up' processing

Question 23

The term used to describe how easily an object can be detected by the senses is

A) sensory appeal
B) sensory conspicuity
C) sensory prominence
D) sensory detectability

Question 24

What is Haptic Perception (list and define the senses that it includes)?