Deck 10: Language

Question 1

According to Pinker, a child who says "we goed to the zoo" is

A) copying adult speech correctly
B) copying adult speech incorrectly
C) attempting to apply a general syntactic rule
D) ignoring general syntactic rules

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Altmann (1998) argues that the interpretation of a word in a sentence is mainly influenced by

A) probability and context
B) probability and age of acquisition
C) context and age of acquisition
D) age of acquisition and working memory function

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Lemma selection is the process of

A) forming words into sentences
B) linking spoken words to their written forms
C) linking conceptual thoughts to the correct word form
D) linking a chosen word to its phonetic representation

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Lexeme selection is the process of

A) forming words into sentences
B) linking spoken words to their written forms
C) linking conceptual thoughts to the correct word form
D) linking a chosen word to its phonetic representation

Question 5

Harley (2001) suggests that the 'tip-of-the-tongue' state reflects

A) access to phonemic information but not to lemma
B) access to lemma information but not to lexeme
C) access to orthographic information but not to lemma
D) access to context information but not to lemma

Question 6

Spoonerisms such as 'wasty term' in place of 'tasty worm' are known as

A) word substitution errors
B) word exchange errors
C) sound exchange errors
D) morpheme exchange errors

Question 7

Levelt's WEAVER++ model of speech production is a

A) single-stage model
B) non-stage model
C) non-sequential model
D) spreading activation model

Question 8

The pragmatic use of language involves

A) identifying the implications behind a statement rather just its literal meaning
B) identifying the literal meaning of the words used in a statement but not their implications
C) identifying the sound patterns in a statement without considering its meaning
D) identifying the meaning of a statement in order to refute it

Question 9

Grice (1975) argued that an important task for an individual engaged in conversation is

A) to identify the grammatical structures used by the speaker
B) to identify the grammatical errors made by the speaker
C) to work out the intentions of the speaker
D) to estimate the intelligence of the speaker

Question 10

Pinker (1999) proposed that

A) all words are formed by rule-based processes
B) all verbs are formed by rule-based processes
C) only irregular verbs are formed by rule-based processes
D) only regular verbs are formed by rule-based processes

Question 11

A logogen is easier to fire if it represents

A) a word of low frequency in the English language
B) a word of high frequency in the English language
C) a word which has not been heard recently
D) a word which is unfamiliar

Question 12

British Sign Language

A) does not make use of hand shape
B) does not make use of spatial location of the hands
C) does not have the same grammatical structure as spoken English
D) has the same grammatical structure as spoken English

Question 13

Chomsky put forward the hypothesis that

A) humans must learn how to perform all aspects of language processing
B) humans have an innate ability to perform all aspects of language processing
C) humans must learn how to apply the syntactic rules of language
D) humans have an innate ability to apply the syntactic rules of language

Question 14

Asking whether a presented item is a real word or a non-word is known as

A) the word decision task
B) the lexical decision task
C) the phonemic decision task
D) the syntactic decision task

Question 15

A word that sounds similar to many other words when spoken is described as having

A) a dense lexical neighbourhood
B) a dense syntactic neighbourhood
C) a dense orthographic neighbourhood
D) a dense phonemic neighbourhood

Question 16

A word which looks similar to many other words when written is described as having

A) a dense lexical neighbourhood
B) a dense syntactic neighbourhood
C) a dense orthographic neighbourhood
D) a dense phonemic neighbourhood

Question 17

Balota et al. (2004) showed that words from a dense orthographic neighbourhood

A) produce slower reaction times on the naming and lexical decision tasks
B) produce faster reaction times on the naming and lexical decision tasks
C) cannot be easily recognised as real words
D) cannot be easily named

Question 18

The English Lexicon Project provides researchers with

A) a complete listing of all of the words in the English Language
B) a list of the meanings of all of the words in the English language
C) a database of lexical decision responses to meaningful English words only
D) a database of lexical decision responses to English words and non-words

Question 19

Morton's Logogen Model suggests that word recognition depends on

A) activation of the frontal lobes
B) activation of the temporal lobes
C) activation of a logogen for the word presented
D) activation of the most recent experience of the word presented

Question 20

A logogen consists of

A) the stored characteristics and features of a word
B) the information presented in speaking a word
C) the context in which the word is spoken
D) the reaction time to identify a spoken word

Question 21

Vlahovic et al. (2012) reported that people get the most enjoyment out of

A) phone conversations
B) face-to-face conversations
C) email conversations
D) telephone text conversations