Deck 1: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Question 1

Cognitive psychology has been defined as the study of

A) the way people acquire their beliefs and opinions
B) the way people interact with others
C) the way in which the brain processes information
D) the anatomical structure of the brain

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Double dissociation' refers to

A) multiple personality
B) pathological forgetting
C) independent impairments in one of two cognitive functions while the other remains intact
D) independent impairments in either of two cognitive functions while the other remains intact

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Hebb (1949) hypothesised that memories were stored as a

A) change in a single cell
B) creation of a cell assembly
C) change in chemical structure
D) change in magnetic field

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Hebb suggested that cells become connected as a result of

A) anatomical similarity
B) intermittent firing
C) simultaneous firing
D) harmonic resonance

Question 5

Recognising a familiar face usually involves

A) automatic processing
B) controlled processing
C) intentional processing
D) conscious processing

Question 6

The Stroop effect demonstrates

A) controlled processing of familiar faces
B) automatic processing of familiar faces
C) controlled processing of word meanings
D) automatic processing of word meanings

Question 7

Norman and Shallice (1986) suggest that automatic processes can be overridden by

A) the supervisory attention system
B) the hippocampal system
C) the limbic system
D) the Acol system

Question 8

Baron-Cohen (1992) suggested that autistic individuals lack

A) attention to detail
B) a theory of reciprocity
C) a theory of mind
D) a theory of relativity

Question 9

Libet (1985) used EEG measurements to show that

A) decision-making may precede conscious awareness
B) conscious awareness may precede decision-making
C) conscious awareness may precede thought
D) thought may precede conscious awareness

Question 10

Broca's area is mainly concerned with

A) speech production
B) speech perception
C) memory storage
D) visual processing

Question 11

The temporal lobes are believed to play a major part in

A) motor control
B) visual processing
C) encoding new memories
D) speech production

Question 12

Cognitive neuropsychology is concerned with

A) simulating human cognitive function by means of a computer program
B) studying individuals with brain lesions of some kind
C) performing experiments on cognitive performance on normal individuals
D) using brain imaging techniques to investigate brain function

Question 13

Cognitive neuroscience is concerned with

A) simulating human cognitive function by means of a computer program
B) studying individuals with brain lesions of some kind
C) performing experiments on cognitive performance on normal individuals
D) using brain imaging techniques to investigate brain function

Question 14

MRI scans produce images from

A) radioactive chemicals injected into the bloodstream
B) tissue responses to powerful magnetic fields
C) electroencephalogram measurements
D) changes in electrical activity within the brain cells

Question 15

The first scientific studies of memory were carried out by

A) Freud
B) James
C) Ebbinghaus
D) Watson

Question 16

The statement that 'The whole is greater than the sum of its parts' typifies

A) Behaviourism
B) Psychoanalysis
C) Mesmerism
D) Gestalt psychology

Question 17

Schema-driven processing is also known as

A) top-down processing
B) bottom-up processing
C) data-driven processing
D) stimulus-driven processing

Question 18

The outer shell of the brain is called the

A) cerebellum
B) cerebral cortex
C) corpus callosum
D) thalamus

Question 19

According to Luria, the frontal lobes are mainly involved in

A) visual processing
B) memory storage
C) monitoring sensory input
D) controlling behavioural output

Question 20

According to Chalmers (1995), the 'hard question' about consciousness is

A) finding the brain areas which are associated with consciousness
B) demonstrating the effects of consciousness on cognition
C) explaining the meaning of life
D) explaining how consciousness arises from neural activity