Question 1

Which of the following is the most common method of transferring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?&#10;A) Male-male sexual contact&#10;B) Injection drug use&#10;C) High-risk heterosexual contact&#10;D) Blood transfusions

Accepted Answer

Male-male sexual contact is the most common way that HIV is transmitted between humans.

Question 2

Which of the following is a swan neck deformity of the fingers common with rheumatoid arthritis?&#10;A) Hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal joint and flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint&#10;B) Flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint and hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint&#10;C) Hyperflexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint and flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint&#10;D) Hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal joint and extension of the distal interphalangeal joint

Accepted Answer

Hyperextension of a proximal interphalangeal joint and flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint will produce a swan neck deformity. The boutonnière deformity is a fixed flexion contracture of a proximal interphalangeal joint and extension of the distal interphalangeal joint.

Question 3

Transfusion of incompatible blood is what type of hypersensitivity disorder?&#10;A) Type I&#10;B) Type II&#10;C) Type III&#10;D) Type IV

Accepted Answer

Typical examples of this type of hypersensitivity are hemolytic anemias, idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura, hemolytic disease of the newborn, and transfusion of incompatible blood.

Question 4

Involvement of what part of the body is uncommon with Lyme arthritis?&#10;A) Knee&#10;B) Shoulder&#10;C) Elbow&#10;D) Hand

Accepted Answer

Large joints such as the hip, shoulder, and elbow are commonly affected. Involvement of the hands and feet is uncommon, and it is these features that help differentiate Lyme arthritis from rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 5

What has caused a recent resurgence of diagnosed cases of tuberculosis (TB)?&#10;A) HIV/AIDS&#10;B) Poor hand-washing techniques by healthcare workers&#10;C) Diminished socioeconomic status in third-world countries&#10;D) Lack of proper medications

Accepted Answer

Tuberculosis was considered a stable, endemic health problem, but now it is associated with the HIV/AIDS pandemic and resurgent.

Question 6

Which of the following makes AIDS a unique disease to humans?&#10;A) It is the only disease that is transferred by blood-to-blood contact.&#10;B) It is the only disease transferred by male-to-male sexual contact.&#10;C) It affects only humans.&#10;D) No other disease causes damage through an attack on a human immune system.

Accepted Answer

AIDS is a unique disease; no other infectious disease causes its damage through a direct attack on the human immune system.

Question 7

Which type of immune system pathology is consistent with an individual undergoing chemotherapy for cancer?&#10;A) Immunodeficiency disorder&#10;B) Hypersensitivity disorder&#10;C) Autoimmune disorder&#10;D) Immunoproliferative disorder

Accepted Answer

When the immune system is underactive, or hypoactive, it is referred to as being immunodeficient, such as occurs in the case of anyone undergoing chemotherapy for cancer or taking immunosuppressive drugs after organ implantation.

Question 8

Which type of hypersensitivity occurs 24 to 72 hours after exposure to an allergen?&#10;A) Type I&#10;B) Type II&#10;C) Type III&#10;D) Type IV

Accepted Answer

In cell-mediated hypersensitivity (type IV), a reaction occurs 24 to 72 hours after exposure to an allergen.

Question 9

Which of the following is not true regarding systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?&#10;A) It is more likely to affect women than men.&#10;B) It is rare in older people.&#10;C) All clients will have nearly the same clinical presentation.&#10;D) There is no known gene associated with SLE.

Accepted Answer

There is no single characteristic clinical pattern or symptoms. Clients may differ dramatically in the relative severity and pattern of organ involvement.

Question 10

The most common central nervous system disorder associated with HIV/AIDS is&#10;A) Toxoplasmosis&#10;B) Alzheimer's disease&#10;C) HIV encephalopathy&#10;D) Carpal tunnel syndrome

Accepted Answer

AIDS dementia complex (HIV encephalopathy) is the most common neurologic complication and the most common cause of mental status changes in HIV-infected clients. Carpal tunnel syndrome can occur with HIV, but it is a disorder of the peripheral nervous system. Toxoplasmosis is the most common space-occupying lesion in HIV-infected clients.

Question 11

Which is the common pattern of stiffness in inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?&#10;A) Minimal stiffness in the morning&#10;B) Stiffness that is worsened with activity&#10;C) Prolonged stiffness in the morning lasting more than an hour&#10;D) Stiffness that is relieved with activity and does not return during the day

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is the common pattern of stiffness...

Question 12

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is closely linked with which of the following disorders?&#10;A) Fibromyalgia&#10;B) Rheumatoid arthritis&#10;C) Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis&#10;D) Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is closely linked with...

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of organ-specific autoimmune disease?&#10;A) Pernicious anemia&#10;B) Fibromyalgia&#10;C) Rheumatoid arthritis&#10;D) Scleroderma

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 14

What joints are primarily affected with ankylosing spondylitis?&#10;A) Spine&#10;B) Elbows&#10;C) Ankles&#10;D) Wrists

Accepted Answer

The answer of What joints are primarily affected with ankylosing...

Question 15

Which of the following is correct advice to give a client with fibromyalgia?&#10;A) Begin a jogging program.&#10;B) Ice affected joints.&#10;C) Get 8-10 hours of sleep at night.&#10;D) Stretch painful muscles eight to 10 times per day.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is correct advice...

Deck 12: Screening for Immunologic Disease