Deck 10: The Global Flow of Visual Culture

Question 1

____________ involves the use of tiny dots spaced closely or widely, and sometimes overlapping, to create fields of varying color and tonal range.

A) The Ben-Day technique
B) The Gutenberg method
C) Lithography
D) Woodblock printing

Answer 1

A

Question 2

____________ cultures, in which people are dispersed across national boundaries and continents, are linked in part by global media cultures.

A) Marginal
B) Postcolonial
C) Diasporic
D) Globalized

Answer 2

C

Question 3

While ____________ may be dismissed by some as "merely" ideological and therefore harmless, theorists such as Herbert Schiller argue that ideology is a powerful means through which a country's population could be transformed into subjects who think and feel in ways that conform to the national interests of the invading country.

A) the distribution of the sensible
B) globalization
C) cultural imperialism
D) the Bilbao effect

Answer 3

C

Question 4

____________ was obsessed with the idea that an actual photograph of the Earth would reinforce the imperative to respect and protect it.

A) Stewart Brand
B) Lisa Parks
C) Arjun Appardui
D) William Anders

Question 5

The ____________ film industry is a multibillion-dollar industry that produces over a thousand films a year, all of which are filmed and edited on digital media and released directly to DVD.

A) Egyptian
B) Indian
C) Hong Kong
D) Nigerian

Question 6

Manuel Castells named the use of digital social networks by contemporary social movements a ____________ revolution because interactive and self-configurable communication strategies allow movements to be less hierarchal and more participatory.

A) transnational
B) rhizomatic
C) indigenous
D) sensible

Question 7

Romuald Hazoumé's La Bouche du Roi (2005) acknowledges the ____________ culture of Benin's residents, who repurpose and reuse plastic cans that are part of a black market in oil between neighboring Nigeria and his native country.

A) deterritorial
B) appropriative
C) bricolage
D) pastiche

Question 8

Which image is used by Nicholas Merzoeff as an example of Anthropocene visuality?

A) Nasa's Whole Earth (1972)
B) Claude Monet's Impression: Sun Rising (1873)
C) Estudio Teddy Cruz + Forman's Manufactured Sites: A Housing Urbanism Made of Waste (2005)
D) Utagawa Kunisada's woodblock print (1857)

Question 9

What is one negative repercussion cited by this book of the prevalence of stock photography in news publications?

A) Fewer professional photographers are paid livable wages.
B) Stock images are a tool of cultural imperialism.
C) Public demand for higher quality makes images increasingly difficult to reproduce.
D) Source information is easily lost.

Question 10

Artists associated with ____________ created satellite art projects in which performers separated by great distances and time zones performed "together" live.

A) Fluxus
B) Occupy Wall Street
C) the Global Ultra Luxury Faction
D) the Zapatistas

Question 11

Lisa Parks argues that satellites helped to create a "global presence" in which "developing nations could only ____________ if they were in range of American, Western European, or Japanese satellite television signals, earth stations, or networks."

A) take advantage of contemporary surveillance society
B) claim themselves as modern
C) participate in global flows of culture
D) resist globalization

Question 12

Visual activism troubles the distribution of the sensible by ____________.

A) embracing the use of both technological modernization and grassroots mobilization
B) altering format programming to fit local tastes and production budgets while staying within genre codes
C) rendering visible and heard the images and voices of those who have been designated as invisible
D) creating poetic gestures that use words as war rather than words for war

Question 13

In April 2016, the GULF (Global Ultra Luxury Faction) artist group projected images of the Guggenheim museum's trustees and protest slogans onto the exterior of the Guggenheim in New York. What was the purpose of this action?

A) to end the franchising of cultural institutions
B) to expose the petro-capital behind the museum's Abu Dhabi branch
C) to force the Guggenheim to return foreign artworks collected illicitly during times of war and imperial expansion
D) to demand that the museum pay decent wages to the workers building its Abu Dhabi museum

Question 14

If we can say that visual culture was the paradigmatic form of the twentieth century, what does this book propose as the paradigmatic form of the twenty-first century?

A) museum franchises
B) television program formats
C) engineering and the built environment
D) borders

Question 15

On May 16, 2017, the Federal Communications Commission ruled to repeal net neutrality laws, which include preventing Internet service providers (ISPs) from blocking users' access to legal content and accepting payment to prioritize certain data. With whose prediction for the future of the Internet does this most closely align?

A) Manuel Castells
B) Arjun Appardui
C) Robert McChesney
D) Ariel Dorfman and Armand Mattelart

Question 16

La Reina del Sur (The Queen of the South), a Spanish-language telenovela produced by American, Spanish-language network Telemundo, premiered in 2011. It quickly achieved huge popularity, its finale averaging nearly 4.2 million viewers. In the 18- to 49-year-old demographic, the finale was second in its timeslot regardless of language. Due to its success, USA Networks released the English-language Queen of the South in 2016. Its development as an English-language show after its success in the Spanish-language market parallels the production of ____________.

A) Ugly Betty
B) Dallas
C) Al Jazeera.
D) CNN

Question 17

In 2014, the American non-profit organization Reuse Everything began implementing an idea to reduce the waste of plastic bottles while aiding impoverished people forced to live in small houses with inadequate roofing, such as tin or thatched grass. By cutting up a plastic bottle, flattening it with a simple, hand-cranked machine, and ultimately fusing it to other sheets, a roof is constructed that is water-resistant, has ventilation, minimizes sound, and lasts longer than most materials used. Due to the ubiquity of plastic bottles, this practice is an example of ____________.

A) speculative landscapes
B) pastiche
C) bricolage
D) appropriation

Question 18

The hacktivist group Anonymous produces videos featuring a person in a Guy Fawkes mask. When a video is released with this masked "star," Anonymous is presumed to be the producer. Which group used a similar tactic in the negotiation of its global image?

A) Occupy Wall Street
B) the Black Panthers
C) the Gulf Labor Coalition
D) the Zapatista National Liberation Army

Question 19

In 1955, 14-year-old Emmett Till was beaten to death for supposedly flirting with a white woman at a convenience store. He was beaten so badly that his face was left horrifically disfigured. Till's mother chose to have an open casket funeral for her son, forcing those who saw him to confront the atrocities of racism in America. Widespread images of Till in his casket were credited with galvanizing the civil rights movement. ____________ had a similar iconic effect, prompting broad popular discourse and action in a social movement.

A) NASA's Whole Earth
B) Connie Samara's Workers Checking Fountain Nozzles I
C) William Heath's "A Pair of Broad Bottoms"
D) Google Earth's Reefs at Risk in the Coral Triangle Revisited

Question 20

Cuban performance and installation artist Tania Bruguera uses the term Arte Útil (Useful Art) to describe the core of her practice for the past ten years. Initiatives labeled Arte Útil must propose new uses for art within society; challenge the field within which it operates, responding to current urgencies; be implemented and function in real situations; replace authors with initiators and spectators with users; have practical, beneficial outcomes for its users; pursue sustainability while adapting to changing conditions; and reestablish aesthetics as a system of transformation. Whose work from Chapter 10 most closely meets the qualifications for Arte Útil?

A) Connie Samaras
B) Stewart Brand
C) Guillermo Gómez-Peña and Coco Fusco
D) Electronic Disturbance Theater

Question 21

What makes contemporary globalization and its flows of images distinct from other periods during which images circulated globally?

Question 22

Why does Jody Berland call the global network of government and military satellites our "satellite panopticon"?

Question 23

What is the main critique of the collecting practices of museums that claim to cater to a "universal" audience?

Question 24

What is the common narrative about digital media and the network society that does not match social reality?

Question 25

How did the audience's reaction to Two Undiscovered Amerindians Visit the West (1992-1993) differ from Guillermo Gómez-Peña and Coco Fusco's expectations, and what does this expose about many Western cultural institutions?

Question 26

Explain Estudio Cruz + Forman's relationship to the shantytowns of Tijuana.