Question 1

The most important agent in the modification of landscapes is:&#10;A) glaciers&#10;B) wind&#10;C) waves&#10;D) streams

Accepted Answer

Streams are the most important agent in the modification of landscapes as they have the ability to erode rock and soil, transport sediments, and create landforms such as valleys, canyons, and river deltas. Wind, waves, and glaciers can also modify landscapes, but their effects are generally localized and less significant compared to those of streams.

Question 2

Two ways streams modify landscapes are by _____ and _____.&#10;A) Erosion; deposition&#10;B) Erosion; transportation&#10;C) Deposition; weathering&#10;D) Transportation; deposition

Accepted Answer

Streams can both erode and deposit sediment. Erosion occurs when the stream's flow is strong enough to pick up and carry sediment, which can then wear away the sides and bottom of the stream channel. The sediment can eventually be transported downstream and deposited when the stream's flow slows, such as in a wider and shallower part of the channel or where the stream enters a larger body of water. These processes of erosion and deposition can have a significant impact on the landscape over time.

Question 3

Rainsplash erosion is greater on:&#10;A) flat land&#10;B) granite bedrock&#10;C) steep slopes covered with soil&#10;D) areas covered by vegetation

Accepted Answer

Rainsplash erosion occurs when raindrops hit the ground and cause soil particles to splash and dislodge. Steep slopes covered with soil have a higher risk of rainsplash erosion as the raindrops hit the ground with greater force and the soil is more susceptible to displacement. Flat land and areas covered by vegetation can slow down raindrops and absorb the impact, reducing the risk of rainsplash erosion. Granite bedrock is not susceptible to rainsplash erosion as it is hard and does not dislodge easily.

Question 4

Regarding the Mississippi River system, the _____________ is the trunk stream and the _________ and _________ are tributary streams.&#10;A) Arkansas; Platte; Columbia&#10;B) Ohio; Mississippi; Arkansas&#10;C) Arkansas; Potomac; Mississippi&#10;D) Mississippi; Ohio; Missouri

Accepted Answer

The Mississippi River is the trunk stream and the Ohio and Missouri rivers are tributary streams.

Question 5

The complete river system of the trunk and its tributaries occupies a region known as the drainage basin.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. The drainage basin is the total area from which a river and its tributaries receive water.

Question 6

The amount of sediment passing through a portion of a trunk stream is termed the ________ of the basin.&#10;A) discharge&#10;B) sediment outflow&#10;C) sediment yield&#10;D) sedimentation

Accepted Answer

The amount of sediment passing through a portion of a trunk stream is termed the sediment yield of the basin.

Question 7

To determine the erosional effectiveness of a stream, one would need to:&#10;A) determine the sediment yield and divide by the areas of its drainage basin&#10;B) measure the area of the drainage basin and divide it by its sediment yield&#10;C) divide the width of the trunk by the total width of all its tributaries&#10;D) cannot be determined

Accepted Answer

The answer of To determine the erosional effectiveness of a...

Question 8

Based on the relief of the drainage basin, which would you expect to have the highest sediment yield?&#10;A) The Ganges&#10;B) Mississippi&#10;C) Amazon&#10;D) none of these

Accepted Answer

The Ganges River has a high sediment yield due to its significant relief and the erosion processes in the Himalayas, where it originates. The steep slopes and heavy monsoon rains contribute to high levels of erosion and sediment transport.

Question 9

Which factors influence the amount of sediment yield?&#10;A) Amount of precipitation&#10;B) Topographic relief&#10;C) Type of lithology&#10;D) Amount of vegetation&#10;E) All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the factors mentioned (amount of precipitation, topographic relief, type of lithology, and amount of vegetation) can have an impact on the erosion and transport of sediment, ultimately influencing sediment yield. High amounts of precipitation may increase erosion rates and sediment delivery to rivers, while steep topographic relief may result in increased sediment transport by runoff and/or landslides. The type of lithology, such as rocks that are easily weathered, may also affect sediment yield. Finally, the amount of vegetation can play a role in sediment yield as plants can help hold soil in place and reduce erosion rates.

Question 10

Which type of flood causes the most modification to a landscape?&#10;A) rare large floods&#10;B) frequent small floods&#10;C) infrequent medium floods&#10;D) floods don't modify landscapes

Accepted Answer

Rare large floods cause the most modification to a landscape due to their sheer volume and power, which can reshape landforms, alter river courses, and deposit or erode significant amounts of material.

Question 11

The average time between floods of a given magnitude is its:&#10;A) discharge&#10;B) sediment yield&#10;C) erosional effectiveness&#10;D) recurrence interval

Accepted Answer

The answer of The average time between floods of a...

Question 12

Which process of erosion is responsible for deepening the river channel and for developing potholes?&#10;A) hydraulic action&#10;B) abrasion&#10;C) corrosion&#10;D) deposition

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which process of erosion is responsible for...

Question 13

Water in a river with a large suspended load will appear:&#10;A) very clear&#10;B) mostly clear but slightly muddy&#10;C) very muddy&#10;D) none of these

Accepted Answer

The answer of Water in a river with a large...

Question 14

The ultimate base level for a river is:&#10;A) water ponded behind a dam&#10;B) a lake into which a river enters and empties from&#10;C) the deepest point along the river&#10;D) the ocean

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ultimate base level for a river...

Question 15

Aggradation near the upstream section of the longitudinal profile of a stream will result in:&#10;A) increased stream power and decreased profile steepness&#10;B) decreased stream power and increased profile steepness&#10;C) increased stream power and increased profile steepness&#10;D) decreased stream power and decreased profile steepness

Accepted Answer

The answer of Aggradation near the upstream section of the...

Question 16

Where is a stream's load deposited?&#10;A) in the delta&#10;B) in the stream itself&#10;C) on the floodplain&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Where is a stream's load deposited?&#10;A) in...

Question 17

Which is typically the least important form of stream erosion?&#10;A) corrosion&#10;B) abrasion&#10;C) hydraulic action&#10;D) headward erosion

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is typically the least important form...

Deck 39: Slopes and Streams