Deck 4: Continental Empires, 1660-1720

Question 1

William Penn founded Pennsylvania partially as a haven for what group?

Answer 1

Society of Friends, or Quakers.

Question 2

Why did the French establish colonial outposts in present-day Louisiana and Mississippi?

Answer 2

To guard against English encroachments.

Question 3

What kind of colonial society did William Penn envision?

Answer 3

A cohesive and strictly hierarchical society practicing good relations with Indians.

Question 4

What portion of those who immigrated to America before the American Revolution was unfree when they arrived?

Question 5

What military action in the 1670s eliminated an Indian presence in southeastern New England?

Question 6

What compromise allowed those not convinced of a conversion experience to join Puritan churches?

Question 7

Who influenced the Iroquois to aid New Englanders in their war with King Philip?

Question 8

Carolina's leaders patterned their slave code after what other colony?

Question 9

Who greatly influenced the development of France's plan for its colonies?

Question 10

Who led the most successful Indian campaign against Europeans in American history?

Question 11

According to the political theorist Edmund Burke, England's colonies in North America

A) Developed accidentally.
B) Enabled England to concentrate on something besides the quarreling of Protestants and Catholics.
C) Followed a specific plan formulated by the financier Anthony Cooper.
D) Improved prospects for world peace.

Question 12

British colonies were all

A) More successful than French colonies in trade with Indians.
B) Private ventures financed by individuals or small groups.
C) Profitable to those who provided capital to establish them.
D) Unable to develop adequately because of the Navigation Acts.

Question 13

By the Petition of Right, passed in 1628, Parliament

A) Claimed exclusive authority over the colonies.
B) Granted King Charles additional authority over the colonies.
C) Issued its first Orders in Council concerning colonial governance.
D) Reaffirmed traditional rights about taxation, arrest, and quartering soldiers in private homes.

Question 14

The bloodless, or Glorious, revolution in 1688

A) Encouraged nobles in their quest to recreate a feudal society.
B) Ended the Commonwealth and restored James II to the throne.
C) Placed Mary and William, both Protestants, on the throne.
D) Restored property rights to those who had lost them as a consequence of the English Civil War.

Question 15

Mercantilism defined a nation's wealth by the

A) Amount of gold and silver it possessed.
B) Number of New World colonies it developed.
C) Potential earnings it possessed.
D) Volume of its exports.

Question 16

Parliament asserted its authority to regulate trade with and within its empire by several acts known collectively as

A) Navigation Acts.
B) Orders in Council.
C) Royal Prerogatives.
D) Two Treatises on Government.

Question 17

Why did King Charles charter the Royal Africa Company in 1663?

A) To break Portugal's monopoly of African trade.
B) To carry slaves out of Africa to the British West Indies.
C) To establish a colony on the western African coast based on the Virginia model.
D) To keep Spain out of African trade.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the settlement of New Amsterdam?

A) A sleepy agricultural community.
B) An ambitious trading post that stood and fell with the Indians' fur supplies.
C) A transplant of Dutch culture on the North American continent.
D) A new world made of bits and pieces from global cultures.

Question 19

William Penn's colony of Pennsylvania, founded in 1681,

A) Grew rapidly because of its good Atlantic ports and beaches.
B) Had more slaves than any other English colony.
C) Required colonists to attend church each Sabbath.
D) Welcomed members of the Society of Friends, or Quakers.

Question 20

To whom did redemptioners owe money?

A) Indentured servants.
B) Colonial governors.
C) Ship captains.
D) Joint-stock companies.

Question 21

When Anthony Ashley Cooper, Earl of Shaftsbury, founded the Carolina colony, he wanted a

A) "City on a hill" to show other residents in other colonies how to treat slaves.
B) Completely religiously tolerant society, including those who chose not to be religious.
C) Society with nobles at the top and serfs at the bottom.
D) Well-planned community with wide streets to accommodate commerce.

Question 22

Carolina was the first colony that

A) Banned enslavement of Europeans and Indians.
B) Granted tax relief to single women.
C) Introduced slavery at the outset.
D) Permitted Jews to vote.

Question 23

Until about 1660, what was Carolina's most valuable commodity?

A) Indigo.
B) Rice.
C) Slaves.
D) Sugarcane.

Question 24

In the colonial period, Indian wars

A) Involved most Europeans against most Indians.
B) Often resulted in victory for Indians.
C) Sometimes lasted many years because Indians demonstrated more patience than Englishmen.
D) Usually pitted one group of Europeans and their Indian allies against another group of Europeans and their allies.

Question 25

What connected Europeans of the seventeenth century to the island of Barbados?

A) Dreams of a tropical vacation.
B) Hopes for settling there as colonists.
C) Sugar grown on the island.
D) Fear of being transported there as punishment for a crime.

Question 26

What enabled the New World slave system to grow so rapidly?

A) An abundance of persons willing to move to the Americas for a new start in life.
B) The adaptability of Indians and Africans to slavery.
C) The European demand for plantation crops.
D) Lower taxes on commodities produced by slaves.

Question 27

The slave code in Carolina was influenced most by

A) English common law.
B) Passages from Deuteronomy in the Bible.
C) Similar regulations in Barbados.
D) The legal code of Hammurabi.

Question 28

Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia was triggered by

A) A routine episode of violence in the middle ground inhabited by Europeans and Indians.
B) French traders attempting to move into English territory.
C) Governor Berkeley's orders for Nathaniel Bacon's arrest on charges of treason.
D) Resistance to new tax laws from Parliament.

Question 29

Nathaniel Bacon advocated

A) An end to the mercantile system.
B) Campaigns against the Susquehannocks but not the Powhatan Indians.
C) Equality of opportunity for Europeans, Africans, and Indians in America.
D) War against all Indians.

Question 30

What impact did the economic opportunities in Pennsylvania and New York have on Virginia?

A) Virginia planters started to migrate to New York.
B) New Yorkers began buying up cheap Virginia real estate.
C) Virginians found themselves resorting increasingly to slavery.
D) Virginians loosened their slave laws to attract more migrants.

Question 31

African slavery, because it was based on race, was

A) Beneficial to Africans.
B) Beneficial to slaves because it allowed some parental rights for the welfare of their children.
C) Perpetual.
D) Profitable because so few Africans were available for enslavement.

Question 32

Under slave codes prevailing in colonial America

A) Ownership was hereditary and passed from mother to child.
B) Slave fathers and mothers were equally responsible for rearing their children.
C) Slave fathers were responsible for the support of their children.
D) Slaves were protected from violence by owners or other slaves.

Question 33

How did Pennsylvania settlers undermine William Penn's vision for his proprietary colony?

A) They practiced religions other than Quakerism.
B) They entertained friendly relations with Native Americans.
C) They allowed non-English migrants to enter the colony.
D) People lived where and how they wanted without cohesion or regard for hierarchy.

Question 34

As preached by Puritan ministers in New England in the 1660s, a jeremiad was

A) A denunciation of the Great Awakening.
B) A call for a holy war against opponents of the Faith.
C) An invitation to church membership even for nontestifiers.
D) A lamentation of spiritual decline.

Question 35

What problem did the Half-Way Covenant try to address?

A) The shrinking number of spiritual rebirths in the Puritan community.
B) The growing number of Anglo-Indian marriages.
C) The need for an Indian alliance in the face of Indian enemies.
D) The absence of a charter for the colony of Massachusetts.

Question 36

What does the case of Mary Dyer in 1660 illustrate?

A) Puritans practiced a fierce rhetoric but were lenient in practice.
B) Quakers had a tenuous grasp on the social realities of the English colonies.
C) Quakers were willing to defy authority even at their own personal risk and expense.
D) Quakers practiced their religion without a church and without clergy.

Question 37

Wampanoag chieftain Metacom, or King Philip,

A) Led his people westward quietly when English officials informed him that his father, Massasoit, had signed a treaty ceding their land to England.
B) Occupied land claimed by Massachusetts, Plymouth, and Rhode Island.
C) Shared his farm and hunting grounds with French and English traders.
D) Welcomed all Europeans to Connecticut.

Question 38

King Philip's War is similar to what other colonial confrontation in its Indian-versus-English nature?

A) Bacon's Rebellion.
B) King George's War.
C) King William's War.
D) Queen Anne's War.

Question 39

The victory of New England Puritans over Metacom and the Wampanoag people was a result of

A) Assistance from the governor of New York and his Mohawk allies.
B) Divine interference because the Puritans were the chosen people.
C) France withdrawing its support of the Indians.
D) Greater fighting ability.

Question 40

In 1673 French explorers traveled as far down the Mississippi River as

A) Baton Rouge.
B) New Orleans.
C) Memphis.
D) The Arkansas River.

Question 41

The expansion of French claims from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico after 1682

A) Consolidated France's alliance with Spain to divide North America between them.
B) Cut off westward expansion of English colonies.
C) Gave France the waterway through the continent it had sought for two centuries.
D) Stopped the Spanish at St. Augustine and San Antonio.

Question 42

The Covenant Chain

A) Admitted nontestifiers to church membership.
B) Bound the French and British to share the Great Lakes region.
C) Enhanced the alliance between the British and the Iroquois in New York.
D) Permitted Protestants and Catholics to share communion in the colonies.

Question 43

How did the Glorious Revolution affect England and its colonies?

A) Colonial products flooded English markets.
B) It left England and its colonies without a king to unify them.
C) Most people in England and in the colonies wanted the king's head for past crimes.
D) It secured constitutional government for British people on both sides of the Atlantic.

Question 44

How did the Glorious Revolution shape England's foreign affairs?

A) The new constitutional government made the nation strong enough to challenge France for world supremacy.
B) The lenience of the new government toward the colonies made them more vulnerable to foreign attack.
C) The successful completion of the revolution prompted England's leaders to ban any further westward expansion in the colonies.
D) England found itself fighting Protestant nations with the help of Catholic allies.

Question 45

The Glorious Revolution, in addition to making Parliament the most powerful branch of British government, had what result?

A) It began a reign of terror that lasted for decades.
B) It gave France justification for another war with England.
C) It unsettled the long-standing truce between Protestants and Catholics in England.
D) It ushered in a period of political stability that enabled Britain to become the world's most powerful nation.

Question 46

Who wrote Two Treatises of Government?

A) Anthony Ashley Cooper.
B) Edmund Andros.
C) John Coode.
D) John Locke.

Question 47

What was the boldest and most radical assertion of Two Treatises of Government?

A) An issue of home rule and also who should rule at home.
B) Identification of a right of revolution against a government that violated the civil rights of its citizens.
C) No taxation without representation.
D) Separation of church and state.

Question 48

According to the author of Two Treatises of Government, what was the purpose of government?

A) To ensure domestic tranquility.
B) To maintain a favorable balance of trade with other nations.
C) To protect the lives, liberties, and fortunes of people who created it.
D) To provide security from foreign foes.

Question 49

How did the British government view the North American colonies in the first half of the eighteenth century?

A) As future equals.
B) As dependents.
C) As costly burdens.
D) As equal brothers.

Question 50

What was similar about King William's War and Queen Anne's War?

A) It was actually the same war, called William's War in England and Anne's War in France.
B) England soundly defeated France.
C) They were essentially struggles for power in Europe, both of which resulted in a stalemate.
D) France's continental allies helped them defeat England.

Question 51

Which statement about the imperial wars is accurate?

A) The war contributed to a frontier environment in which violence was endemic.
B) The imperial wars were merged with old conflicts with Indian tribes.
C) European nations usually fought one another using their Indian allies as combatants.
D) Each statement is accurate.

Question 52

The vast majority of those accused of witchcraft in New England in the seventeenth century were

A) Foreigners who migrated from the Caribbean where voodoo was practiced.
B) Recent arrivals and thus distrusted.
C) Unmarried men.
D) Women.

Question 53

Which of the following statements is not an accurate portrayal of the witchcraft scare?

A) Accusations of witchcraft represented a belief that women were weak and vulnerable.
B) Accusations of witchcraft were indirectly aimed at men who were advocating political change.
C) Witchcraft trials were commonplace throughout Europe.
D) Witchcraft trials were the result of religious and political instability.

Question 54

In its colonial system,

A) Canada was of questionable value to France.
B) England depended on its colonies for defense.
C) Spain lagged behind France and England because it lacked a middle class.
D) The Netherlands had no colonies after surrendering New Amsterdam to England.

Question 55

The French colony of Louisiana

A) Attracted so few colonists that officials used it as a place to relocate criminals.
B) Developed its distinctive Cajun culture in the seventeenth century.
C) Produced sugar, cotton, and soybeans.
D) Rivaled Paris, especially in New Orleans, in Mardi Gras excesses.

Question 56

Which of its colonies were of the greatest value to France?

A) Brazil.
B) Louisiana.
C) Martinique and Guadeloupe.
D) New France (Canada).

Question 57

Why did Carolina's governor complain that slaves were "running dayly" to Florida?

A) Florida offered a better climate, especially for older people.
B) Freedom dues were greater in Florida.
C) Religious restrictions on slaves were greater in Carolina.
D) Spaniards paid them wages and introduced them to Catholicism.

Question 58

What was the primary purpose of Spain's colony of New Mexico?

A) To serve as an outpost of Spain's empire and protection for its northern border from France.
B) To keep Texas from claiming the entire Southwest.
C) To protect the transportation of precious ores on the Santa Fe Trail.
D) To provide a workshop for artists, much like the Mediterranean coast of France.

Question 59

Which of the following was not one of the reasons for the Pueblo Revolt of 1680?

A) Spanish colonists were trying to sell Pueblo Indians into slavery.
B) The Spanish made excessive demands on the labor of Pueblo Indians.
C) Pueblo Indians had to pay tribute.
D) The Spanish blocked the Pueblos from trading with Apache and Navajo.

Question 60

Great Plains Indians

A) Abandoned their nomadic lifestyle because horses allowed them to ride long distances from their lodges.
B) Accepted European culture more readily than Forest Indians.
C) Became nomadic because horses gave them mobility.
D) Obtained guns from the French and horses from the Spanish.

Question 61

Compare the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam with English colonies in New England and the Chesapeake region.

Question 62

How did Indian opposition affect New England and Virginia colonists?

Question 63

Discuss the impact of the Glorious Revolution on England's North American colonies.

Question 64

Discuss the impact on Plains Indians of obtaining horses from the Spanish.