Deck 9: Gender and Justice

Question 1

Which of the following factors best explains the trend in female incarceration rates in the past few decades?

A) Discrimination against women
B) The war on drugs
C) The drop in male incarceration rates
D) The worsening economic conditions

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In contrast to men, women are most likely to be arrested, prosecuted for, and convicted of

A) murder.
B) violation of probation.
C) traffic offenses.
D) property crimes, especially larceny and fraud.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

What does research show about most women who kill?

A) They are often white and are career criminals.
B) They are often middle class and have no criminal record.
C) They are often highly educated and show no remorse.
D) They are most often poor and usually kill a man with criminal record.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The number of female homicide victims dropped between 1976 and 1996 was because

A) more women learned self-defense techniques.
B) the change in sentencing laws kept potential murderers in prison longer.
C) there was an increased availability of shelters for victims of domestic violence.
D) more women began to carry firearms for self-protection

Question 5

Domestic violence shelters were built to reduce women's victimization, but they had an unforeseen or unanticipated outcome. What was it?

A) They saved men's lives.
B) They inspired women to defend themselves more assertively.
C) They made it possible for women to find new lives.
D) More women began to carry firearms for self-protection.

Question 6

What is the common feature of the crimes for which women are arrested?

A) They are serious felonies.
B) Women were often not totally responsible for their actions.
C) They are carried out to support a male partner.
D) They are overwhelmingly economic (property, nonviolent) crimes.

Question 7

Except for a few categories, women are substantially underrepresented in arrest statistics in the United States. What is the explanationfor this?

A) There is often no adequate accommodation for them in city jails.
B) They are too fragile for the criminal system.
C) Women are good at drawing sympathy.
D) Chivalry, paternalism and pragmatism.

Question 8

What percentage of the inmates on death row are women?

A) 12 percent
B) 20 percent
C) 22 percent
D) 2 percent

Question 9

What is a key challenge in correctional health care for women?

A) Containing core operating costs
B) Women's medical treatment is often based on models developed for male prisoners
C) Developing alternative revenue streams
D) Shifting to value-based models

Question 10

How do the rates of inmate-on-inmate sexual victimization in women's prisons compares with men's?

A) Women's rate is four times higher than men's.
B) Women's rate is twice as high as that of men's.
C) Men's rate is four times higher than women's.
D) Men's rate is twice as high as that of women's.

Question 11

Women are arrested much less frequently than are men.

Question 12

The gender gap between men and women across the criminal justice system is insignificant.

Question 13

According to the evil woman hypothesis, when females commit distinctly male-like crimes, the criminal justice system is likely to respond less harshly.

Question 14

Compared with male jail inmates, women inmates tend to have similar rates of psychological and physical health problems.

Question 15

Most women are in prison not because of involvement in crimes or because they pose a danger to themselves or to society; they are there because of the drug laws and because they cannot make bail prior to trial.

Question 16

The female prison population nationwide continues to increase at a rate faster than that of males.

Question 17

Many of women inmates suffer double or even triple degrees of social marginalization.

Question 18

A relatively large number of women have received capital sentences in recent years.

Question 19

In violent crimes, women are far more likely to know their victimizers than are men.

Question 20

Women from all ethnic groups and social economic background face an equal likelihood of going to prison.