Deck 14: Responding to Youth Crime

Question 1

What are the most offenses committed by juveniles?

A) Drug crimes
B) Gang violence or firearm violations
C) Violent crimes
D) Minor property or public order offenses

Answer 1

D

Question 2

What year was the height of the juvenile murder epidemic and 3,790 juveniles were arrested for homicide?

A) 1986
B) 1993
C) 1999
D) 2004

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What is the school-to-prison pipeline?

A) Education program to deter at risk youth through prison visits.
B) It is criminalizing minor offenses that take place at school.
C) It prevents juveniles from entering the criminal justice system.
D) It mandates that school authorities handle minor cases.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

What are zero tolerance school policies?

A) Arresting students for schoolyard fights
B) Policies intended to make schools safe
C) An evidence-based approach to school discipline
D) Arresting students for breaking rules

Question 5

Juvenile court data show an increasing involvement of girls in crime. How do we account for this?

A) Increase in curfew offenses
B) Increase in drug offenses
C) The criminalization of minor "acting out" behaviors
D) Increase in fighting

Question 6

Which group of juveniles are most vulnerable to zero tolerance school practices?

A) Rural youths
B) Young African-American boys
C) Young African-American girls
D) Violent youths

Question 7

The significance of the Supreme Court rulings Roper v. Simons (2005), Graham v. Florida (2010), Miller v. Alabama (2012), and Montgomery v. Louisiana (2016) is they ruled that

A) juveniles may be sent to adult courts for serious offenses.
B) due process should be extended to the juveniles.
C) adolescents are different than adults, because of their developing brains.
D) juveniles must be punished less severely than adults for the same crimes.

Question 8

Which of the models for reducing youth crime emphasizes the labeling theory?

A) Rehabilitative model
B) Noninterventionist model
C) Crime Control model
D) Due Process model

Question 9

Which of the models for reducing youth crime has been associated with the deinstitutionalization of status offenders?

A) Rehabilitative model
B) Noninterventionist model
C) Crime Control model
D) Due Process model

Question 10

Almost every jurisdiction made it easier to transfer juveniles to adult court

A) to secure more serious sanctions.
B) because there were no due process protections for juveniles.
C) so that they can have better representation.
D) to deter them from a life of crime.

Question 11

Serious juvenile crime has decreased since the 1980s.

Question 12

While inner city youths can get caught up in zero tolerance policies, suburban youths are treated with maximum tolerance.

Question 13

Minority youths are disproportionately represented in suspensions, expulsions, and arrests in schools.

Question 14

Despite the fact that most youths engage in minor offenses, our perceptions about juvenile crime generally come from television.

Question 15

There is no tension between acting in the "best interests of the child" and upholding public safety.

Question 16

A growing body of research has demonstrated that there is no biological basis to risky, destructive, and delinquent behaviors.

Question 17

The public believes that the "juveniles in the past committed more frequent and serious crime than current group of juveniles."

Question 18

Minority youths may receive fewer opportunities to access rehabilitative programs.

Question 19

White youths, for example, are more likely to be placed in smaller and more rehabilitative-oriented facilities than minority youths, who are more apt to be sentenced to programs that place a greater priority on physical programming.

Question 20

A series of Supreme Court decisions in the 1980s and 1990s extended a number of constitutional protections to juvenile defendants.