Deck 11: Learning and Preparing: The 1920s and 1930s

Question 1

Why did President Hoover order the breakup and dispersion of the Bonus Army?

A) Hoover believed that socialists within the group would create violence.
B) Hoover believed that they had already been financially assisted.
C) Hoover suspected that they had stockpiled large amounts of weapons and munitions.
D) Hoover feared that their presence would stir up socialism in the United States.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

During the Great Depression, the Army assisted which New Deal Program?

A) Civilian Conservation Corps
B) Agricultural Adjustment Act
C) Works Progress Administration
D) Tennessee Valley Authority

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Under the National Defense Act of 1920, which general staff division was tasked with training and the conduct of operations?

A) G1
B) G2
C) G3
D) G4

Answer 3

C

Question 4

How did the Reserve Officer Training Corps differ from the Citizens' Military Training Camp program?

A) The ROTC relied on colleges and universities whereas the CMTC worked through summer training camps.
B) The CMTC greatly helped the Army with recruitment whereas the ROTC only helped the National Guard.
C) The CMTC assisted the Army maintain its officers needs whereas the ROTC only assisted the Reserves and National Guard.
D) The ROTC recruited the average American whereas the CMTC targeted members of the academic elite.

Question 5

All of these provided advanced training for officers in the Army during the interwar years EXCEPT the

A) Reserve Officer Training Corps.
B) Army War College.
C) Command and General Staff College.
D) Army Industrial College.

Question 6

All of these men were airpower enthusiasts of the interwar years EXCEPT

A) George Patton.
B) Hugh Trenchard.
C) Guilio Douhet.
D) Billy Mitchell.

Question 7

Why was Billy Mitchell court-martialed?

A) He had several crashes involving airships.
B) He passed secrets to the Germans.
C) He was overzealous in his support for airpower.
D) He made political comments to the press.

Question 8

Which treaty placed limits on capital ship construction among the signatories?

A) Washington Naval Treaty
B) Kellogg-Briand Pact
C) London Treaty
D) Locarno Agreement

Question 9

How did the Washington Naval Conference echo the philosophy of Woodrow Wilson?

A) It used a multinational approach to achieve world peace.
B) It relied on intellectual understanding instead of warfare.
C) It demanded that the United States dictate international decisions.
D) It adopted a theory of isolation over intervention.

Question 10

During the 1920s, how did the U.S. Navy improve the fleet?

A) It grew in quality instead of quantity.
B) It nearly doubled its previous size.
C) It raised the standard of its training of seamen.
D) It called for additional emphasis on officer training.

Question 11

In 1926, why did the U.S. intervene in Nicaragua?

A) to save American lives and protect financial interests
B) to ensure a democratic election
C) to stop Socialism in Central America
D) to send a warning to Cuba

Question 12

During the interwar years, the Marine Corps studied what type of operations intensely?

A) amphibious
B) combined arms
C) aerial
D) maritime

Question 13

In 1930, what did the War Department do to better respond to war needs?

A) Industrial Mobilization Plan
B) Army Industrial College
C) RAINBOW Series
D) Naval Act of 1930

Question 14

Which strategic plan eventually became the blueprint for the U.S. operations in World War II?

A) RAINBOW 1
B) RAINBOW 3
C) RAINBOW 5
D) RAINBOW 7

Question 15

How did U.S. defense assumptions change as a result of involvement in the Great War? In what ways did they remain the same?

Question 16

What was the role of the Army in dispersing the Bonus Army?

Question 17

Describe the role of the National Guard in the reformed Army of the United States. How did the ROTC and CMTC provide officers for these units? How did the service colleges contribute? What were the strengths and shortcomings of this approach?

Question 18

Compare U.S. and German experiments with armor during the interwar period. Why did the U.S. lag behind other nations in this area?

Question 19

How did the Army and Navy experiment with airpower during the interwar years? What were the results of these experiments doctrinally?

Question 20

What were the reasons for the Washington Naval Conference of 1922? What agreements did the meeting produce? How did these affect naval development in the interwar years?

Question 21

How was the Fleet Marine Force developed? Who were the chief figures in developing the force? What challenges did they face in developing the force? How were these overcome?

Question 22

How did plans for industrial mobilization to meet another major conflict mature during the interwar years? What were some lessons learned form the Great War? How were these applied?

Question 23

What sorts of material improvements were made for the U.S. armed forces during the 1930s?

Question 24

Consider the concept of a such a revolution in military affairs as a sweeping set of doctrinal changes that allow one contender an advantage over their opponents, and at the same time, lead to the opponents' adoption of some elements of the reforms themselves. Based on this conception, did the United States military undergo an RMA in the interwar years? Why or why not?