Deck 15: Individual Differences in Perception

Question 1

At what age does perceptual capacity generally reach a peak?

A) Twenty years
B) Ten years
C) Two years
D) Forty years

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which one of the following techniques has not been used to investigate the carpentered world hypothesis?

A) Ames Window
B) Muller-Lyer illusion
C) Mental rotation
D) Oblique effect

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which one of the following statements about formally trained musicians is not correct?

A) Musicians are trained to have perfect pitch
B) Musicians can discriminate timbre better than non-musicians.
C) String musicians have a larger cortical representation of the fingers than non-musicians.
D) Musicians show more perceptual segregation than non-musicians

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which one of the following is not consistent with obtained practice effects in perception?

A) Improvements do not transfer from one eye to the other
B) Practice effects can occur even in simple, sensory tasks
C) Improvements on visual tasks are specific to the practiced retinal location
D) Practice effects transfer across sensory modalities

Question 5

According to available evidence, which one of the following factors is least likely to contribute to individual differences in basic perceptual capability?

A) Age
B) Schooling
C) Sex
D) Gender

Question 6

At what age does visual acuity reach adult levels?

A) 12 months
B) 2 years
C) 4 years
D) 8 years

Question 7

What is Presbycusis partly due?

A) Hair cell loss
B) Lens hardness
C) Skin stiffness
D) Otosclerosis

Question 8

Which are of the brain have neural correlates of practise effects been observed in?

A) Higher association cortex
B) Frontal cortex
C) V1
D) V2

Question 9

The volume of which area of the brain, in taxi drivers, is correlated with time served as a taxi driver?

A) Somatosensory cortex
B) Visual cortex
C) Hippocampus
D) Lateral geniculate nucleus

Question 10

Pictorial competence test was used to study effects of:

A) Artistic training
B) Age
C) Culture
D) Expertise

Question 11

In general, males outperform females at which one of the following tasks?

A) Hearing discrimination
B) Mental rotation
C) Odour identification
D) Verbal fluency

Question 12

Which factor does not play a role in developmental improvements in vision?

A) Packing density of cones
B) Accommodation defects
C) Cone outer segment length
D) Small eye size

Question 13

Which one of the following is not a consequence of decreasing efficiency in the eye as a result of aging?

A) Reduced mobility of the pupil
B) Reduced flexibility in the lens
C) Degeneration of the central retina
D) Decreased light absorption by the lens

Question 14

The improvement in hearing sensitivity over the first year of life amounts to about:

A) 30dB
B) 10dB
C) 6dB
D) 3dB

Question 15

Which of the following properties of the brain does not change significantly over the lifespan?

A) White matter
B) Number of cells
C) Axon diameter
D) Myelination

Question 16

Between the ages of 20 and 80 years, brain weight decreases by approximately?

A) 0.4
B) 0.2
C) 0.05
D) 0.09

Question 17

When cats are reared in an environment containing only vertical stripes, their cortex contains:

A) Orientation-selective cells preferring only vertical orientations
B) Orientation-selective cells preferring only horizontal orientations
C) Orientation-selective cells at all orientations
D) No orientation-selective cells

Question 18

Which one of the following is the correct name for the insulating fatty sheath that surrounds axons?

A) Dendrites
B) Myelin
C) Grey matter
D) Synapses

Question 19

If male performance in a task is 0.25 standard deviations above the mean female score:

A) Female performance is slightly better than male performance.
B) Male performance is slightly better than female performance.
C) Female performance is very much better than male performance
D) Male performance is very much better than female performance.

Question 20

What is presbyopia?

A) Age-related hearing loss
B) A condition in which a patient is unable to recognise faces
C) Short-sightedness
D) Reduced flexibility of the lens in the eye, associated with aging