Deck 6: Diuretics

Question 1

The glomerulus is where which of the following takes place?

A) oxidation
B) filtration
C) scavenging of free radicals
D) temporary storage of urine
E) reabsorption of potassium

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The reabsorption process comes with a significant energy cost in that much of the transport is active transport and requires the input of energy in the form

A) carbohydrates
B) lipids
C) ATP
D) electrical impulses
E) sunlight

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Most diuretics are natriuretic. They

A) inhibit sodium reabsorption in the kidney.
B) exchange sodium for potassium
C) are dependent on a calcium gradient
D) are derived from natural and organic substances
E) effectively increase ATP levels in cells

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Hypokalemia can have serious consequences including

A) inability of mitochondria to make enough ATP
B) excessive urination
C) diabetes
D) obesity
E) arrhythmias

Question 5

Some diuretics are aldosterone receptor antagonists, such as spironolactone and eplerenone. Aldosterone increases

A) the activity of transporters for H⁺ causing acidified urine
B) the activity of an apical Na⁺ channel increasing Na⁺ reabsorption
C) ATP production in mitochondria
D) calcium flux between cells
E) the production of angiotensin II

Question 6

Diuresis involves the loss of water and solutes during urine formation.

Question 7

Diuretics used to be prescribed a lot, but they are now considered inferior to more sophisticated drugs like angiotensin receptor blockers.

Question 8

Human kidneys filter the body's extracellular volume the equivalent of 16 times a day.

Question 9

Epinephrine released during exercise stimulates K⁺ reuptake in muscle cells.

Question 10

When exercising at or above 60% VO₂max, significant increases are observed in glomerular filtration rate.

Question 11

Increased blood flow to working muscles picks up excess heat and that heat radiates and dissipates at the skin surface.

Question 12

Regular exercise training causes influx of water into the intravascular space, known as plasma volume expansion, generating exercise-induced hypervolemia.

Question 13

Diuretics, because they can cause a loss of weight, often significantly improve running performance.

Question 14

Electrolyte imbalance is rare with diuretic use because diuretics only influence water loss.

Question 15

The fundamental unit of the kidney involved in filtration and reabsorption is called the _______.