Question 1

The juvenile justice systems that developed across the United States in the early 1900s adopted a legal structure, philosophy, and process that were very similar to adult criminal justice systems.

Accepted Answer

The juvenile justice systems developed with a focus on rehabilitation rather than punishment, emphasizing the need for care and guidance rather than retribution, which marked a significant departure from the adult criminal justice system's approach.

Question 2

The juvenile justice systems that spread across the country in the early 1900s were envisioned as:&#10;A) systems that promoted children's rights.&#10;B) systems of accountability and punishment.&#10;C) child welfare systems.&#10;D) systems that provided positive peer influence.

Accepted Answer

The juvenile justice systems established in the early 1900s were primarily focused on providing a system of care and rehabilitation for children who were deemed "delinquent." This concept of "parens patriae" held that the state acted as a parent to neglected and troubled children, rather than a punitive justice system for crimes committed. As such, the juvenile justice systems were intended as child welfare systems.

Question 3

Early juvenile justice systems had:&#10;A) broad jurisdiction.&#10;B) extensive discretion.&#10;C) informal and family-like procedures.&#10;D) All of the above.&#10;E) None of the above.

Accepted Answer

Early juvenile justice systems had broad jurisdiction, as they were tasked with addressing a wide array of issues related to juvenile delinquency. They also had extensive discretion in how they handled cases, often relying on informal and family-like procedures rather than formal court processes. Therefore, all of the above options are correct.

Question 4

Which of the following is not an area of change in contemporary juvenile justice reform that began in the 1960s?&#10;A) A return to an emphasis on the rehabiltative ideal.&#10;B) An increased emphasis on procedural due process.&#10;C) A shift in legal philosophy from the rehabilitative ideal to punishment and criminal responsibility.&#10;D) Reforms to divert, deinstitutionalize, and decriminalize status offenders.

Accepted Answer

The shift in legal philosophy from the rehabilitative ideal to punishment and criminal responsibility occurred before the 1960s, during the period of the "get tough" era in the 1950s. Therefore, it is not an area of change in contemporary juvenile justice reform that began in the 1960s. A, B, and D are all areas of change that occurred during this time period.

Question 5

The Burfeind, Bartusch, and Hollist textbook emphasizes:&#10;A) juvenile justice process.&#10;B) juvenile justice practice.&#10;C) juvenile justice research.&#10;D) All of the above.&#10;E) None of the above.

Accepted Answer

The textbook by Burfeind, Bartusch, and Hollist emphasizes all three aspects of juvenile justice - process, practice, and research. It provides a comprehensive overview of the juvenile justice system, examines the role of various actors involved in it, and highlights the importance of evidence-based practices and research in juvenile justice.

Question 6

The scholarly literature on juvenile justice includes:&#10;A) peer-reviewed journal articles.&#10;B) research briefs that summarize and highlight research studies.&#10;C) policy briefs that articulate reforms advocated by agencies.&#10;D) technical reports on grant-funded research.&#10;E) All of the above.

Accepted Answer

The scholarly literature on juvenile justice includes all of the options listed. It encompasses peer-reviewed journal articles, research briefs that summarize and highlight research studies, policy briefs that articulate reforms advocated by agencies, and technical reports on grant-funded research.

Question 7

The authors identify four strategic steps to efficient and effective reading of the chapter readings. Which of the following is not one of these steps?&#10;A) Jump right into the reading--don't procrastinate.&#10;B) Actually&#160;read and think about the title of the reading.&#10;C) Page through the reading and pay attention to the headings.&#10;D) Read quickly, but carefully.&#10;E) Assess the argument.

Accepted Answer

"Jump right into the reading--don't procrastinate" is not one of the four strategic steps listed in the passage. The other four steps are mentioned: "(B) Actually read and think about the title of the reading, (C) Page through the reading and pay attention to the headings, (D) Read quickly, but carefully, and (E) Assess the argument."

Deck 1: The Study of Juvenile Justice