Question 1

The ASCA National Model (2012) indicates that counseling provided by a school counselor is:&#10;A) used to address psychological disorders.&#10;B) planned, goal-focused, and short-term, and is used to address issues that hinder achievement.&#10;C) requires the use of treatment plans.&#10;D) requires parental consent in all cases.

Accepted Answer

The ASCA National Model emphasizes that school counseling is planned, goal-focused, and short-term, and it focuses on addressing issues that hinder student achievement rather than addressing psychological disorders. While treatment plans may be used in some cases, they are not always required, and parental consent is not always necessary for school counseling services.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a reason why school counselors are encouraged to use brief approaches in conducting counseling.&#10;A) It is important to minimize the amount of class time students miss when engaged in counseling.&#10;B) It is difficult for the school counselor to impact the entire student population through counseling.&#10;C) Within school settings, only school psychologists are allowed to provide long-term counseling.&#10;D) Some research suggests that brief approaches are as effective as long-term approaches.

Accepted Answer

The statement "Within school settings, only school psychologists are allowed to provide long-term counseling" is not accurate. School counselors are also allowed to provide long-term counseling if it is necessary and appropriate for the student's needs. The other options (A, B, and D) are all valid reasons why school counselors are encouraged to use brief approaches in conducting counseling.

Question 3

The common factors model regarding counseling outcomes indicates that 30% client outcome is predicted by:&#10;A) client-counselor relationship factors such as the ability to build and maintain rapport and effective communications.&#10;B) the technique/theory used by the counselor.&#10;C) the length of the counseling.&#10;D) the counselor's degree (e.g., counseling, psychology, social work).

Accepted Answer

The common factors model suggests that up to 30% of counseling outcomes can be attributed to the client-counselor relationship factors such as the ability to build and maintain rapport and effective communication. The model suggests that the specific technique or theory used by the counselor, the length of the counseling, and the counselor's degree have a minimal impact on counseling outcomes.

Question 4

According to Roger's Person-Centered Therapy, people's natural orientation towards seeking growth is blocked when:&#10;A) they develop cognitive distortions due tension between them and their early caregivers.&#10;B) they become overly focused on awareness of their thoughts and thus exclude awareness of their emotions.&#10;C) they do not achieve their goals.&#10;D) they deny or distort aspects of their experience in order to maintain an ideal image of themselves.

Accepted Answer

According to Roger's Person-Centered Therapy, people's natural orientation towards seeking growth is blocked when they deny or distort aspects of their experience in order to maintain an ideal image of themselves. This makes it difficult for them to be open and honest with themselves and others, hindering their ability to grow and develop.

Question 5

According to Roger's Person-Centered Therapy, providing a caring, democratic, non- judgmental, non-directive environment enables the student to:&#10;A) become more fully aware of various aspects of his or her experience, thus activating the student's innate tendency towards growth.&#10;B) realize the importance of academic achievement for a successful future.&#10;C) realize the importance of obtaining the approval of others.&#10;D) identify and modify cognitive distortions.

Accepted Answer

According to Roger's Person-Centered Therapy, creating a non-judgmental and non-directive environment allows the individual to become more self-aware and activate their innate tendency towards growth. This can help the student improve their emotional and mental well-being and achieve their personal goals. B, C, and D are not related to Rogers' Person-Centered Therapy.

Question 6

According to Roger's Person-Centered Therapy, by paraphrasing a student's implicit communications, the student is likely to obtain:&#10;A) a clear plan to achieve his or her goals.&#10;B) self-awareness as he or she is presented with his or her thoughts and feelings&#10;C) insight regarding how early childhood relationships have influenced his or her worldview.&#10;D) insight regarding the importance of academic achievement

Accepted Answer

Paraphrasing a student's implicit communications in Person-Centered Therapy increases their self-awareness as they are presented with their own thoughts and feelings. This allows them to gain a better understanding of their own experiences and emotions, leading to personal growth and development.

Question 7

It is important for school counselors to use counseling theories when providing individual counseling because:&#10;A) counseling theories are the basis for academic curriculums.&#10;B) research shows that the use of theory is the most important factor in client outcomes.&#10;C) it is the expectation of administrators.&#10;D) the school counselor is less likely to impose his or her values

Accepted Answer

Counseling theories provide a framework that helps counselors maintain professional boundaries and objectivity, reducing the risk of imposing personal values on clients.

Question 8