Deck 7: Consumer Behavior in the International Context: Psychological and Social Dimensions

Question 1

Consumer behavior is a study of the explicit act of purchase

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The best way to study consumer behavior is to use the cultural approach without focusing on the psychological and social processes

Answer 2

False

Question 3

In the case of sociology, the unit of analysis is the group rather than the individual

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Evidence has shown that rational motives are superior to nonrational motives in explaining consumer behavior

Question 5

Motives must be learned

Question 6

Because personality applies to a person rather than to a group, it is not possible to state that particular personality traits seem dominant in certain countries

Question 7

Although personality applies to a person rather than to a group, particular personality traits appear dominant in certain countries

Question 8

The concept of national character states that the people of each nation have distinctive personality characteristics

Question 9

Britons and Americans have different personality characteristics

Question 10

The concept of consumer ethnocentrism explains why some consumers feel that it is inappropriate to buy imported products

Question 11

Highly and lowly ethnocentric consumers do not differ in terms of their preference for imported products

Question 12

A masculine society expects men to assume caring roles

Question 13

A masculine society differentiates between what men should do and what women are supposed to do

Question 14

The individualism-collectivism dimension does not affect Internet shopping rates

Question 15

There is empirical evidence that shows that countries can be clustered in terms of the various dimensions of national cultures

Question 16

Japanese consumers are so homogeneous that psychographic studies have yielded no unique market segment

Question 17

In spite of the universality of particular values, the distribution of value segments varies from country to country

Question 18

Perceptions are formed through a selective and objective process

Question 19

There is no evidence of country-category effect in the sense that consumers use stereotyping in typing product classes and brands

Question 20

The effects of country of origin on product perceptions can be moderated by consumer expertise and attribute information

Question 21

Consumers have general images about certain countries as well as form specific attitudes about products made there

Question 22

Consumers have stereotyped opinions about specific products from particular countries

Question 23

There is a positive relationship between countries' economic development levels and product evaluations

Question 24

Country of origin is a multidimensional construct

Question 25

Country of design may mitigate the effect of country of assembly/manufacturing

Question 26

Country of design and country of assembly effects are one and the same

Question 27

Country of origin has the strongest effect on stereotyped image when it is the only cue

Question 28

The effect of country of origin is strong when it is the only cue, and the effect becomes even stronger when other product cues are included

Question 29

The effect of country of origin is strong when country of origin is the only cue, but the effect is weakened when multiple cues are used

Question 30

Country of origin has a halo effect in the sense that a country's positive or negative image affects all products made in that country

Question 31

It is appropriate to treat country of origin as a halo effect

Question 32

The effect of country of origin is a function of product-country match rather than a halo effect

Question 33

A country's image, rather than being product-specific, has a halo effect

Question 34

In spite of the inequality implied, social classes are necessary and, in virtually all countries, even desirable

Question 35

The criteria used in the United States to assign people into social classes are consistent with those used in other countries

Question 36

The strength of influence of a reference group is constant across product categories

Question 37

In the United States, the word family has a narrow meaning, and Americans tend to be less family oriented than others

Question 38

Emphasis on joint, husband-dominated, and wife-dominated decisions varies by stage of the decision process as well as by stage-culture interaction

Question 39

Because cultural values are not related to innovation resistance, it is appropriate to use a global standardized campaign to introduce new products in foreign markets