Deck 5: Solutions and Concentrations

Question 1

A solution in which the solvent is water is referred to as

A) aqueous.
B) dissolved.
C) liquid.
D) soluble.

Answer 1

aqueous.

Question 2

A solution is composed of 1% sodium chloride and 0.5% potassium chloride in distilled water.Which substance(s)would be considered the solute?

A) Potassium chloride
B) Sodium chloride
C) Potassium chloride and sodium chloride
D) Water

Answer 2

Potassium chloride and sodium chloride

Question 3

Which of the following best defines the term "solution"?

A) A combination of two or more different chemical elements in which the atoms of the different elements are held together by chemical bonds
B) A heterogeneous combination of two or more substances where the properties of each individual substance are absorbed by the other(s)
C) A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances that do not chemically react with each other
D) A mixture of two or more substances that results in a change in the molecular composition of each substance

Answer 3

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances that do not chemically react with each other

Question 4

What are the units on a pH value?

A) g/mL
B) M/L
C) mol/L
D) None of the above

Question 5

What is the specific gravity of a solution?

A) The ratio of the concentration of a solute to the concentration of the solvent at 37°C
B) The ratio of the concentration of a solute to the density of water at 4°C
C) The ratio of the density of a solute to the density of the solvent at 37°C
D) The ratio of the density of a solution to the density of water at 4°C

Question 6

A solution of sodium chloride (NaCl)is calculated to be 0.5 M at 37°C.The solution was placed in an 18°C refrigerator for 24 hours and the molarity was recalculated.What would you expect the molarity of the solution to be?

A) 0.5 M
B) Greater than 0.5 M
C) Less than 0.5 M
D) It cannot be determined from the information given.

Question 7

When a concentration is expressed in terms of molarity,what does it tell us about the solution?

A) The number of moles of a solute present in 1 liter of solution
B) The number of moles of a solute present in 1,000 grams of solution
C) The number of osmoles of a solute present in 1 liter of solution
D) The number of osmoles of a solute present in 1,000 grams of solution

Question 8

A solution has pH 7.Another solute is added to the solution and the pH changes to 6.What does this tell us about the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution?

A) The hydrogen ion concentration decreased by a factor of 10
B) The hydrogen ion concentration decreased by a factor of 100
C) The hydrogen ion concentration increased by a factor of 10
D) The hydrogen ion concentration increased by a factor of 100

Question 9

What is the rule for determining an equivalent for calculating the normality of a base or salt solution?

A) An equivalent is the number of hydrogen atoms present in the base or salt.
B) An equivalent is the number of hydrogen ions with which it can theoretically combine.
C) An equivalent is the total number of hydroxide (OH⁻) groups divided by the number of hydrogen atoms present.
D) An equivalent is the total number of positively charged ions present in the molecule.

Question 10

What does the term "equivalent weight" mean?

A) The amount of a solute that is equivalent in mass to 1 mole of the intended solvent
B) The amount of a substance that contains, theoretically combines with, or theoretically replaces 1 mole of hydrogen atoms
C) The molality of a solute that contains the same number of atoms as 100 grams of solvent
D) The molarity of a solute that is necessary to completely saturate 100 mL of solvent

Question 11

What is the risk of reporting an incorrect concentration for a patient sample?

A) Administration of an inappropriate drug
B) Misdiagnosis of an illness
C) Both of the above
D) Neither of the above

Question 12

What is pH a measure of?

A) The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
B) The normality of a solution containing 10 grams hydrogen ions in water
C) The reaction speed of hydrogen ions with bases in a solution
D) The specific gravity of 10 grams of hydrogen ions in water

Question 13

If a solution is held at a constant temperature of 25°C,at what pH would it be considered neutral?

A) 1
B) 6
C) 7
D) 10

Question 14

The concentration of a sodium chloride (NaCl)solution is defined as 10% NaCl (w/w).What does this tell us about the amount of NaCl in the solution?

A) There are 10 grams of NaCl in every 10% of solution.
B) There are 10 grams of NaCl in every 100 grams of solution.
C) There are 10 grams of NaCl in every 100 mL of solution.
D) There are 10 grams of NaCl in every 100 ounces of solution.

Question 15

A vial of 3 mg silver chloride (AgCl)is poured into a flask containing 100 mL water and mixed.After 24 hours,2.9 mg of silver chloride remains as a solid at the bottom of the flask.Which of the following terms best describes the ability of silver chloride to dissolve in water?

A) Insoluble
B) Partly soluble
C) Soluble
D) Sparingly soluble

Question 16

Consider the following equation: concentration of glucose =
What are the units of the value calculated by this equation?

A) Molal
B) Molar
C) v/v
D) w/v

Question 17

The concentration of an aqueous glucose solution is noted as 25% glucose (w/v).What does this tell us about the amount of glucose in the solution?

A) There are 0.25 grams of glucose in every 100 mL of solution.
B) There are 2.5 grams of glucose in every 100 mL of solution.
C) There are 25 grams of glucose in every 100 mL of solution.
D) There are 250 grams of glucose in every 100 mL of solution.

Question 18

What is the number of equivalents of the base PO₄³⁻?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 8

Question 19

A solution of aqueous ferric chloride has a concentration of 15 ppm.What does this tell us about the amount of ferric chloride in the solution?

A) There are 15 grams of ferric chloride in every 1,000,000 grams of solution.
B) There are 15 grams of ferric chloride in every 1,000,000 mL of solution.
C) There are 15 mL of ferric chloride in every 1,000,000 mL of solution.
D) Both A and B are correct.