Question 1

The idea that people who have higher self-expecations will have more positive outcomes is often called:&#10;A) Pygmalion effect&#10;B) Galatea effect&#10;C) Thomas and Thomas Theorem

Accepted Answer

The Galatea effect is the idea that individuals who have high expectations for themselves will perform better and have more positive outcomes. It is similar to the Pygmalion effect, but in the Galatea effect, the high expectations are self-imposed rather than imposed by others. The Thomas and Thomas Theorem is a social psychological theory that explains how individuals' expectations can influence their behavior and the behavior of those around them, but it is not specifically related to self-expectations.

Question 2

The idea that when other people place greater expectations on an individual or a group, it will result in greater outcomes attained by the individual or group is also called:&#10;A) Pygmalion effect&#10;B) Galatea effect&#10;C) Relative age effect

Accepted Answer

The Pygmalion effect, also known as the self-fulfilling prophecy, refers to the phenomenon in which an individual's performance is influenced by the expectations that others have of them. When others place greater expectations on an individual or a group, it can lead to an increase in their motivation and effort, resulting in greater outcomes attained by the individual or group. The Galatea effect, on the other hand, refers to an individual's belief in their own abilities and how this belief can impact their performance. The relative age effect refers to the phenomenon of how a person's age relative to their peers can impact their outcomes.

Question 3

The Thomas and Thomas theorem tells that:&#10;A) there is an interplay between the individual and the social context&#10;B) a false definition of the situation evokes new behavior, which makes the original false conception come true&#10;C) people act as if their beliefs are accurate representations of reality

Accepted Answer

C

Question 4

When researching conformity, a researcher will most likely not focus on:&#10;A) parental socialization&#10;B) biological processes&#10;C) media transmission

Accepted Answer

Conformity primarily focuses on the impact of social influence and the pressure to conform to group norms, rather than biological processes. While genetics may play a role in certain behaviors, it is not the primary focus of conformity research. Parental socialization and media transmission are both relevant factors that researchers may study when exploring conformity.

Question 5

The pattern of &#34;conformity&#34; has been given different names. Which of the concepts is not the same as conformity?&#10;A) social contagion&#10;B) imitation&#10;C) social learning

Accepted Answer

Social learning refers to the acquisition of knowledge and skills through observation and interaction with others, while conformity involves adapting one's behavior or beliefs to match those of others in a group. While social learning can lead to conformity, they are not synonymous concepts. Social contagion and imitation both refer to the spread of behaviors or ideas through social influence and are related to conformity.

Question 6

The responses by the subjects of the Asch experiment reflect two mechanisms which can explain positive social influence. Which of the following is not such a mechanism?&#10;A) conformity&#10;B) informational social influence&#10;C) normative social influence

Accepted Answer

Conformity is a broad term that encompasses both informational and normative social influences, rather than being a distinct mechanism from them.

Question 7

The &#34;informational social influence&#34; mechanism belongs to a more comprehensive theory. Which theory is that?&#10;A) social influence theory&#10;B) social control theory&#10;C) social learning theory

Accepted Answer

The answer of The &#34;informational social influence&#34; mechanism belongs to...

Question 8

Parents teaching their children about the risks of drugs is an example of:&#10;A) direct social learning&#10;B) observational social learning&#10;C) individual learning

Accepted Answer

Direct social learning involves learning through direct instruction and guidance from others, such as parents teaching their children about the risks of drugs. Observational social learning involves learning by observing others' behavior and its consequences, while individual learning involves learning through personal experience and trial and error.

Question 9

Fill in the blank: A researcher wants to know your opinion regarding a certain policy. You have two weeks to prepare your answer. The reseracher thus most likely wants you to think ___ about your answer.

A) intuitively
B) irrationally
C) consciously

Accepted Answer

The researcher has given a specific timeframe of two weeks, indicating that they want a thoughtful and well-considered response. Therefore, the researcher most likely wants you to consciously think about your answer.

Question 10

There are different kinds of social learning biases. The tendency of people to buy a book because of the high sales figures of the book is an example of:&#10;A) popularity bias&#10;B) susceptibility bias&#10;C) status bias

Accepted Answer

The tendency to buy a book because of high sales figures is an example of popularity bias, where the popularity of a book influences an individual's decision to purchase it. This bias is driven by the belief that if many people are buying a particular product, it must be good or worthwhile.

Question 11

There are different kinds of social learning biases. The tendency of people believing the claims actors make about a new tooth-paste because the actors are dressed like dentists is an example of:&#10;A) popularity bias&#10;B) exposure bias&#10;C) status bias

Accepted Answer

The answer of There are different kinds of social learning...

Question 12

The susceptibility bias is more likely to occur when:&#10;A) individuals have a strong opinion about a certain topic themselves&#10;B) individuals are more open to adopting opinions&#10;C) individuals are more sceptical about others' opinions

Accepted Answer

The answer of The susceptibility bias is more likely to...

Question 13

Fill in the blank. There are different types of contagion. Which type of contagion needs multiple reinforcements?&#10;A) ambiguous&#10;B) complex&#10;C) simple

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fill in the blank. There are different...

Question 14

What is not a social learning bias?&#10;A) informational bias&#10;B) confirmation bias&#10;C) adaptation bias

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is not a social learning bias?&#10;A)...

Deck 5: Opinions