Question 1

The subjective ranking of individuals or groups in terms of honor, esteem and respect is called:&#10;A) social class&#10;B) social status&#10;C) economic status

Accepted Answer

Social status refers to how individuals or groups are perceived and evaluated by others in terms of honor, esteem, and respect. It is a subjective ranking and can be influenced by various factors such as wealth, occupation, education, and social relationships. Social class and economic status may also contribute to social status, but they are more specific and narrow in scope compared to social status.

Question 2

The 'Treiman Constant' refers to the fact that occupational prestige rankings are...&#10;A) atrongly stratisfied by income in contemporary societies&#10;B) hghly different over time, across countries, and between raters&#10;C) highly similar over time, across countries, and have strong agreement between raters

Accepted Answer

The Treiman Constant refers to the phenomenon that occupational prestige rankings show high similarity over time and across countries, with strong agreement between raters. This supports option C as the correct choice. Option A is incorrect as the constancy of occupational prestige rankings is not related to income stratification. Option B is incorrect as the Treiman Constant suggests that occupational prestige rankings are not highly different over time and across countries.

Question 3

Global inequality refers to&#8230;&#10;A) within-country stratification plus between-country stratification&#10;B) between-country stratification&#10;C) between-country stratification minus within-country stratification

Accepted Answer

Global inequality encompasses both within-country stratification (inequalities among individuals and groups within a country) and between-country stratification (inequalities among countries).

Question 4

Fill in the blanks: The more (A) societies are, and so the (B) mobility there is, the (C) is the inequality&#10;A) (A) is 'closed', (B) is 'less' and (C) is 'greater'&#10;B) (A) is 'open', (B) is 'more' and (C) is 'greater'&#10;C) (A) is 'open', (B) is 'less' and (C) is 'less'

Accepted Answer

In closed societies, where there is less mobility, inequality tends to be greater because people have fewer opportunities to improve their social and economic status.

Question 5

Changing social position between parents and their children is called:&#10;A) intergenerational mobility&#10;B) horizontal mobility&#10;C) intragenerational mobility

Accepted Answer

Intergenerational mobility refers to the movement of individuals, usually from one generation to the next, in terms of their social position or status. This can include changes in social class, occupation, education level, and income. Horizontal mobility refers to the movement of individuals within the same social class, while intragenerational mobility refers to changes in social position within an individual's lifetime. Therefore, the best choice for changing social position between parents and their children is intergenerational mobility.

Question 6

A 'mobility table' is a table..&#10;A) which presents the degree of intermarriage in society&#10;B) which cross-classifies origin and destination positions in the stratification system&#10;C) which ranks occupations in terms of prestige

Accepted Answer

A 'mobility table' is a table that cross-classifies origin and destination positions in the stratification system to determine the degree of social mobility in society. It shows the movement of individuals or groups from one social class or position to another over a specified period of time. Options A and C are incorrect because they describe different types of tables - an intermarriage table and an occupational prestige table, respectively.

Question 7

When indicating mobility by looking at the total number of positional changes, scholars specifically look at:&#10;A) absolute mobility&#10;B) structural mobility&#10;C) relative mobility

Accepted Answer

Absolute mobility measures the total number of positional changes in a society, reflecting the overall shifts in employment and social status without comparing these changes to other groups or time periods.

Question 8

Family origin and ethnic origin are examples of:&#10;A) ascribed characteristics&#10;B) attained characteristics&#10;C) achieved characteristics

Accepted Answer

Ascribed characteristics are those that are assigned to individuals at birth or without any choice on their part, such as family origin and ethnic origin. Attained characteristics are those that individuals acquire through their own efforts, such as education or occupation. Achieved characteristics are those that individuals earn through merit or accomplishments, such as awards or recognition.

Question 9

What is meant by the 'Great Gatsby Curve'?&#10;A) the theory that in more stratified societies, there is less intergenerational mobility&#10;B) the phenomenon that in more stratified societies, there is less intergenerational mobility&#10;C) the phenomenon that in more stratified societies, there is more intragenerational mobility

Accepted Answer

The 'Great Gatsby Curve' refers to the phenomenon that in more stratified societies, there is less intergenerational mobility. The curve illustrates the correlation between income inequality and intergenerational mobility, suggesting that the higher the income inequality, the lower the intergenerational mobility.

Question 10

Some scholars have suggested that status inequality can be explained by differences in genes. This is an example of:&#10;A) an individual perspective&#10;B) a sociological perspective&#10;C) sociological imagination

Accepted Answer

The suggestion that status inequality is the result of genetic differences is a perspective that focuses on individuals and biology, rather than on social structures and processes.

Deck 9: Stratification and Mobility